正式层级与非正式网络：地方政府组织结构对信息搜索的影响
Formal Hierarchies and Informal Networks: How Organizational Structure Shapes Information Search in Local Government
摘要：
近几十年来，人们越来越关注公共组织内部的非正式沟通网络。虽然研究已经证明了个人认知和社会结构在理解组织中的信息搜索中的作用，但本文强调了正式层次结构的重要性。我们认为，官僚机构的结构属性是太重要了，不能被忽视时，在公共组织的知识流动建模。实证上，我们研究人际信息寻求模式之间的143名员工在一个小城市的政府，使用指数随机图模型（ERGM）。结果表明，正式结构强烈的形状信息搜索模式，同时考虑社会网络变量和个人层面的看法。我们发现，正式身份，许可途径，部门成员都影响员工的信息搜索。了解组织结构对信息搜索网络的影响，将提供机会，以改善信息流在公共组织通过设计的选择。
英文摘要：
Attention to informal communication networks within public organizations has grown in recent decades. While research has documented the role of individual cognition and social structure in understanding information search in organizations, this article emphasizes the importance of formal hierarchy. We argue that the structural attributes of bureaucracies are too important to be neglected when modeling knowledge flows in public organizations. Empirically, we examine interpersonal information seeking patterns among 143 employees in a small city government, using exponential random graph modeling (ERGM). The results suggest that formal structure strongly shapes information search patterns while accounting for social network variables and individual level perceptions. We find that formal status, permission pathways, and departmental membership all affect the information search of employees. Understanding the effects of organizational structure on information search networks will offer opportunities to improve information flows in public organizations via design choices.
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