Human brain employs perceptual information about the head and eye movements to update the spatial relationship between the individual and the surrounding environment. Based on this cognitive process known as spatial updating, we introduce contrastive sound localization (C-SL) with mobile inertial-acoustic sensor arrays of arbitrary geometry. C-SL uses unlabeled multi-channel audio recordings and inertial measurement unit (IMU) readings collected during free rotational movements of the array to learn mappings from acoustical measurements to an array-centered direction-of-arrival (DOA) in a self-supervised manner. Contrary to conventional DOA estimation methods that require the knowledge of either the array geometry or source locations in the calibration stage, C-SL is agnostic to both, and can be trained on data collected in minimally constrained settings. To achieve this capability, our proposed method utilizes a customized contrastive loss measuring the spatial contrast between source locations predicted for disjoint segments of the input to jointly update estimated DOAs and the acoustic-spatial mapping in linear time. We provide quantitative and qualitative evaluations of C-SL comparing its performance with baseline DOA estimation methods in a wide range of conditions. We believe the relaxed calibration process offered by C-SL paves the way toward truly personalized augmented hearing applications.
Environmental Sound Classification (ESC) is a challenging field of research in non-speech audio processing. Most of current research in ESC focuses on designing deep models with special architectures tailored for specific audio datasets, which usually cannot exploit the intrinsic patterns in the data. However recent studies have surprisingly shown that transfer learning from models trained on ImageNet is a very effective technique in ESC. Herein, we propose SoundCLR, a supervised contrastive learning method for effective environment sound classification with state-of-the-art performance, which…
University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）；Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology（乔莫·肯雅塔农业技术大学）
Machine hearing of the environmental sound is one of the important issues in the audio recognition domain. It gives the machine the ability to discriminate between the different input sounds that guides its decision making. In this work we exploit the self-supervised contrastive technique and a shallow 1D CNN to extract the distinctive audio features (audio representations) without using any explicit annotations.We generate representations of a given audio using both its raw audio waveform and spectrogram and evaluate if the proposed learner is agnostic to the type of audio input. We further u…
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology（韩国科学技术院）；Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute（韩国电子通信研究院）
The goal of this work is to localize sound sources in visual scenes with a self-supervised approach. Contrastive learning in the context of sound source localization leverages the natural correspondence between audio and visual signals where the audio-visual pairs from the same source are assumed as positive, while randomly selected pairs are negatives. However, this approach brings in noisy correspondences; for example, positive audio and visual pair signals that may be unrelated to each other, or negative pairs that may contain semantically similar samples to the positive one. Our key contri…
Music Technology Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra（庞培法布拉大学音乐技术组）；Insight Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin City University (DCU)（都柏林城市大学洞察数据分析中心）
Self-supervised representation learning can mitigate the limitations in recognition tasks with few manually labeled data but abundant unlabeled data---a common scenario in sound event research. In this work, we explore unsupervised contrastive learning as a way to learn sound event representations. To this end, we propose to use the pretext task of contrasting differently augmented views of sound events. The views are computed primarily via mixing of training examples with unrelated backgrounds, followed by other data augmentations. We analyze the main components of our method via ablation exp…
Patch-Mix Contrastive Learning with Audio Spectrogram Transformer on Respiratory Sound Classification
KAIST AI（韩国科学技术院人工智能学院）；Department of AI, Kyungpook National University（庆北国立大学人工智能系）；SmartSound（SmartSound公司）；Dongguk University（东国大学）；MODULABS（MODULABS机构）
SemiPL: A Semi-supervised Method for Event Sound Source Localization
School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学智能工程学院）；National Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School（北京大学深圳研究生院通用人工智能国家重点实验室）
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University（国立阳明交通大学）；University of California Merced（加州大学默塞德分校）；Snap Inc.（Snap公司）；Google Research（谷歌研究院）
Sound localization aims to find the source of the audio signal in the visual scene. However, it is labor-intensive to annotate the correlations between the signals sampled from the audio and visual modalities, thus making it difficult to supervise the learning of a machine for this task. In this work, we propose an iterative contrastive learning framework that requires no data annotations. At each iteration, the proposed method takes the 1) localization results in images predicted in the previous iteration, and 2) semantic relationships inferred from the audio signals as the pseudo-labels. We …
Sounds reach one microphone in a stereo pair sooner than the other, resulting in an interaural time delay that conveys their directions. Estimating a sound's time delay requires finding correspondences between the signals recorded by each microphone. We propose to learn these correspondences through self-supervision, drawing on recent techniques from visual tracking. We adapt the contrastive random walk of Jabri et al. to learn a cycle-consistent representation from unlabeled stereo sounds, resulting in a model that performs on par with supervised methods on "in the wild" internet recordings. …
Lung-SRAD: Spectral-Aware Regularized Audio DASS with Dual-Axis Patch-Mix Contrastive Learning for Respiratory Sound Classification
RSC LAB, MODULABS（RSC实验室，MODULABS）；Department of Electronic Engineering, Wonkwang University（圆光大学电子工程系）；AI Convergence Research Institute, Wonkwang University（圆光大学人工智能融合研究所）
The objective of this work is to localize the sound sources in visual scenes. Existing audio-visual works employ contrastive learning by assigning corresponding audio-visual pairs from the same source as positives while randomly mismatched pairs as negatives. However, these negative pairs may contain semantically matched audio-visual information. Thus, these semantically correlated pairs, "hard positives", are mistakenly grouped as negatives. Our key contribution is showing that hard positives can give similar response maps to the corresponding pairs. Our approach incorporates these hard posit…
CycleGuardian: A Framework for Automatic RespiratorySound classification Based on Improved Deep clustering and Contrastive Learning
School of BioMedical Engineering, Hainan University（海南大学生物医学工程学院）；School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology（华中科技大学电子信息与通信学院）；School of Information and Communication, Hainan University（海南大学信息与通信学院）
Contrastive learning has delivered impressive results for various tasks in the self-supervised regime. However, existing approaches optimize for learning representations specific to downstream scenarios, i.e., \textit{global} representations suitable for tasks such as classification or \textit{local} representations for tasks such as detection and localization. While they produce satisfactory results in the intended downstream scenarios, they often fail to generalize to tasks that they were not originally designed for. In this work, we propose to learn video representations that generalize to …
Acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) is designed to remove echoes, reverberation, and unwanted added sounds from the microphone signal while maintaining the quality of the near-end speaker's speech. This paper proposes adaptive speech quality complex neural networks to focus on specific tasks for real-time acoustic echo cancellation. In specific, we propose a complex modularize neural network with different stages to focus on feature extraction, acoustic separation, and mask optimization receptively. Furthermore, we adopt the contrastive learning framework and novel speech quality aware loss funct…
DOA-Aware Audio-Visual Self-Supervised Learning for Sound Event Localization and Detection
Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University（京都大学情报学研究科）；National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology（独立行政法人产业技术综合研究所）；Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University（同志社大学理工学部）
CoughPhase-CLR: Designing an acoustics-informed foundation model for coughing sound classification
Chair of Health Informatics at the TUM University Hospital（慕尼黑工业大学大学医院健康信息学教席）；Munich Center for Machine Learning（慕尼黑机器学习中心）；Munich Data Science Institute（慕尼黑数据科学研究所）；University Hospital Augsburg at the University of Augsburg（奥格斯堡大学奥格斯堡大学医院）；Medical Faculty, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich（慕尼黑路德维希-马克西米利安大学医学院）；Group on Language, Audio, & Music at Imperial College London（帝国理工学院语言、音频与音乐组）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）
