多产品供应链的经济特性
Economic Properties of Multi-Product Supply Chains
摘要：
我们将多产品供应链（SC）解释为协调市场;在这种解释下，SC最优化问题是一个市场出清问题，将资源和相关的经济价值（价格）分配给不同的利益相关者（供应商，消费者，运输和加工技术）。市场解释使我们能够建立基本属性，解释物理资源（原始变量）和相关的经济价值（对偶变量）如何在SC中流动。我们使用对偶理论来解释为什么通过强迫利益相关者参与来激励市场（例如，通过强加需求满足或服务提供约束）产生人为的价格行为、低效的分配和经济损失。为了克服这些问题，我们探索市场激励机制，使用出价;在这里，我们引入了利益相关者图（基于产品的供应链表示）的概念，并表明这种表示使我们能够自然地确定激活市场的最低出价。这些结果提供了指导方针，以设计SC配方，适当地补偿利益相关者和设计政策，促进市场交易。结果表明，使用城市废物管理问题的10万居民的城市。
英文摘要：
We interpret multi-product supply chains (SCs) as coordinated markets; under this interpretation, a SC optimization problem is a market clearing problem that allocates resources and associated economic values (prices) to different stakeholders that bid into the market (suppliers, consumers, transportation, and processing technologies). The market interpretation allows us to establish fundamental properties that explain how physical resources (primal variables) and associated economic values (dual variables) flow in the SC. We use duality theory to explain why incentivizing markets by forcing stakeholder participation (e.g., by imposing demand satisfaction or service provision constraints) yields artificial price behavior, inefficient allocations, and economic losses. To overcome these issues, we explore market incentive mechanisms that use bids; here, we introduce the concept of a stakeholder graph (a product-based representation of a supply chain) and show that this representation allows us to naturally determine minimum bids that activate the market. These results provide guidelines to design SC formulations that properly remunerate stakeholders and to design policy that foster market transactions. The results are illustrated using an urban waste management problem for a city of 100,000 residents.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
