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arXiv 2006.02245nucl-th
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高K态超重核的尺寸和形状

Sizes and shapes of very heavy nuclei in high-K states

M. Palczewski, P. Jachimowicz, M. Kowal

摘要:

在微观-宏观模型下,采用变形的Woods-Saxon势,研究了铌和钌同位素中二准粒子和四准粒子\mbox{high-$K$}态的形状和尺寸.通过阻塞费米能级附近的单粒子态,得到了激发态的核组态。通过对形状变量的四维能量最小化求出了它们的能量和变形。我们选择了最有前途的候选人\mbox{$K$-isomers}通过分析同位素依赖的激发能,并比较我们的结果与现有的实验数据。我们计算了原子核在\mbox{high-$K$}和基态下的四极矩和电荷半径的差异,发现它们在相邻的NO和Rf同位素中的四准粒子态上的模式完全不同。四极和十六极变形的主导作用以及更高的秩对称性的重要性进行了讨论。激光技术的当前发展和由此产生的在不久的将来测量所讨论的效果的能力是我们研究的动机。

英文摘要:

We have investigated shapes and sizes of selected two- and four-quasiparticle \mbox{high-$K$} states in nobelium and rutherfordium isotopes within the microscopic-macroscopic model with the deformed Woods-Saxon potential. Excited nuclear configurations were obtained by blocking single-particle states lying close to the Fermi level. Their energies and deformations were found by the four-dimensional energy minimization over shape variables. We have selected the most promising candidates for \mbox{$K$-isomers} by analyzing the isotopic dependence of excitation energies, and compared our results to available experimental data. We calculated differences in quadrupole moments and charge radii between nuclei in their \mbox{high-$K$} and ground states and found their quite different pattern for four-quasiparticle states in neighboring No and Rf isotopes. The leading role of the quadrupole and hexadecapole deformations as well as the importance of higher rank symmetries are also discussed. The current development of laser techniques and the resulting ability to measure discussed effects in the near future is the motivation of our study.

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