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arXiv 2006.02005astro-ph.SR
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利用卷积神经网络模拟分光偏振反演

Mimicking spectropolarimetric inversions using convolutional neural networks

Ivan Milic, Ricardo Gafeira

摘要:

解释太阳大气的分光偏振观测比获取数据需要更长的时间。最重要的原因是,用于从观测结果推断物理量的模型拟合或“反演”非常缓慢,因为基础模型在数值上要求很高。我们的目标是通过使用一个神经网络,输入偏振光谱的输出物理参数,以提高推理的速度。我们首先选择一个子集的数据进行解释和推断物理量从相应的光谱使用标准的最小化为基础的反演代码。将这些结果视为整个数据集的可靠和代表,我们训练卷积神经网络以将输入偏振光谱连接到输出物理参数(节点,在分光偏振反演的上下文中)。然后,我们将神经网络应用于网络之前看不到的各种其他数据。作为一种检查,我们应用所指的反演代码看不见的数据,并比较拟合质量和两个反演之间的推断参数的地图。由神经网络推断的物理参数显示出良好的协议从反演的结果,并在一个因素的$10^5$更少的时间。此外,将神经网络的结果代入正向模型,显示出推断光谱与原始光谱之间的良好一致性。我们在这里提出的方法是非常简单的实施和非常快。它只需要一个训练数据集,可以通过反演观察数据的代表性子集来获得。应用这些(以及类似的)机器学习技术将在光谱偏振数据的常规解释中产生数量级的加速。

英文摘要:

Interpreting spectropolarimetric observations of the solar atmosphere takes much longer than the acquiring the data. The most important reason for this is that the model fitting, or "inversion", used to infer physical quantities from the observations is extremely slow, because the underlying models are numerically demanding. We aim to improve the speed of the inference by using a neural network that relates input polarized spectra to the output physical parameters. We first select a subset of the data to be interpreted and infer physical quantities from corresponding spectra using a standard minimization-based inversion code. Taking these results as reliable and representative of the whole data set, we train a convolutional neural network to connect the input polarized spectra to the output physical parameters (nodes, in context of spectropolarimetric inversion). We then apply the neural network to the various other data, previously unseen to the network. As a check, we apply the referent inversion code to the unseen data and compare the fit quality and the maps of the inferred parameters between the two inversions. The physical parameters inferred by the neural network show excellent agreement with the results from the inversion, and are obtained in a factor of $10^5$ less time. Additionally, substituting the results of the neural network back in the forward model, shows excellent agreement between inferred and original spectra. The method we present here is very simple for implementation and extremely fast. It only requires a training data set, which can be obtained by inverting a representative subset of the observed data. Applying these (and similar) machine learning techniques will yield orders of magnitude acceleration in the routine interpretation of spectropolarimetric data.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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