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arXiv 2006.01229eess.SYcs.ROcs.SY
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基于控制李雅普诺夫函数的机器人系统非线性模型预测控制

Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of Robotic Systems with Control Lyapunov Functions

ETH Zürich(苏黎世联邦理工学院);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院)

Ruben Grandia, Andrew J. Taylor, Andrew Singletary, Marco Hutter, Aaron D. Ames

摘要:

非线性模型预测控制(NMPC)与控制李雅普诺夫函数(CLF)的理论统一为在保证稳定性的同时实现最优控制性能提供了框架。在本文中,我们提出了第一个实时实现的统一NMPC和CLF控制器的机器人系统有限的计算资源。这些限制激发了一组有效地将CLF稳定性约束纳入一般NMPC制定的方法。我们评估所提出的方法相比,基线CLF和NMPC控制器与机器人赛格威平台在模拟和硬件上的性能。预测时域的添加提供了优于基于CLF的控制器的性能优势,基于CLF的控制器在时间上逐点最优地操作。此外,显式施加的稳定性约束消除了对NMPC所需的困难的代价函数和参数整定的需要。因此,统一控制器提高了每个隔离控制器的性能,并简化了整体设计过程。

英文摘要:

The theoretical unification of Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) with Control Lyapunov Functions (CLFs) provides a framework for achieving optimal control performance while ensuring stability guarantees. In this paper we present the first real-time realization of a unified NMPC and CLF controller on a robotic system with limited computational resources. These limitations motivate a set of approaches for efficiently incorporating CLF stability constraints into a general NMPC formulation. We evaluate the performance of the proposed methods compared to baseline CLF and NMPC controllers with a robotic Segway platform both in simulation and on hardware. The addition of a prediction horizon provides a performance advantage over CLF based controllers, which operate optimally point-wise in time. Moreover, the explicitly imposed stability constraints remove the need for difficult cost function and parameter tuning required by NMPC. Therefore the unified controller improves the performance of each isolated controller and simplifies the overall design process.

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