arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1902.01459cs.RO
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基于学习的模型预测控制在手术机器人自主组织操作中的应用

Autonomous Tissue Manipulation via Surgical Robot Using Learning Based Model Predictive Control

Changyeob Shin, Peter Walker Ferguson, Sahba Aghajani Pedram, Ji Ma, Erik P. Dutson, Jacob Rosen

摘要:

组织操作是任何外科手术中经常使用的基本子任务,并且在某些情况下,它可能需要外科医生助理的参与。作为非结构化环境的软组织的复杂动力学是通过手术机器人系统对其进行自动化操纵的任何尝试的主要挑战之一。提出并研究了两种基于人工智能学习的采用视觉策略的模型预测控制算法:(1)强化学习和(2)从演示中进行示教学习。这些AI算法在仿真环境中的性能比较表明,从演示示教学习算法可以通过初始化给定演示的预测动态来提高学习策略。此外,示教学习算法在Raven IV手术机器人系统上实现,并使用实验方法成功地证明了所提出的算法的可行性。这项研究是一个深刻的愿景的一部分,其中外科医生的角色将被重新定义为一个纯粹的决策者,而绝大多数的操作将由手术机器人系统自主进行。补充视频可以在以下网站找到:http://bionics.seas.ucla.edu/research/surgeryproject17.html

英文摘要:

Tissue manipulation is a frequently used fundamental subtask of any surgical procedures, and in some cases it may require the involvement of a surgeon's assistant. The complex dynamics of soft tissue as an unstructured environment is one of the main challenges in any attempt to automate the manipulation of it via a surgical robotic system. Two AI learning based model predictive control algorithms using vision strategies are proposed and studied: (1) reinforcement learning and (2) learning from demonstration. Comparison of the performance of these AI algorithms in a simulation setting indicated that the learning from demonstration algorithm can boost the learning policy by initializing the predicted dynamics with given demonstrations. Furthermore, the learning from demonstration algorithm is implemented on a Raven IV surgical robotic system and successfully demonstrated feasibility of the proposed algorithm using an experimental approach. This study is part of a profound vision in which the role of a surgeon will be redefined as a pure decision maker whereas the vast majority of the manipulation will be conducted autonomously by a surgical robotic system. A supplementary video can be found at: http://bionics.seas.ucla.edu/research/surgeryproject17.html

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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