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arXiv 2006.01159astro-ph.HE
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潮汐破裂事件的射电特征

Radio Properties of Tidal Disruption Events

Kate D. Alexander, Sjoert van Velzen, Assaf Horesh, B. Ashley Zauderer

摘要:

潮汐破裂事件(TDEs)的无线电观测探测由超大质量黑洞(SMBH)破坏恒星而喷出的物质,独特地追踪喷流和外流的形成和演化,揭示破坏流体动力学的细节,并照亮以前休眠的SMBH周围的环境。到目前为止,观察结果显示出令人惊讶的多样性人口。一小部分的TDE(最多百分之几)已经被观察到产生无线电发光的温和相对论喷流。其余的星群则是无线电宁静的,产生不那么明亮的喷流,非相对论性的外流,或者可能根本没有无线电发射。在这里,我们回顾了迄今为止对TDEs的射电观测,并讨论了对其属性的可能解释,重点关注检测到的源,特别是两个研究最好的事件:Sw J1644+57和ASASSN-14 li。我们还讨论了我们所了解到的TDEs的宿主星系的射电观测和审查的限制,在TDEs的明亮和暗淡的无线电流出率。即将到来的X射线,光学,近红外和无线电调查将大大扩大TDEs的样本,技术进步打开了在无线电波段发现TDEs样本的令人兴奋的可能性,不受宿主星系灭绝的影响。

英文摘要:

Radio observations of tidal disruption events (TDEs) probe material ejected by the disruption of stars by supermassive black holes (SMBHs), uniquely tracing the formation and evolution of jets and outflows, revealing details of the disruption hydrodynamics, and illuminating the environments around previously-dormant SMBHs. To date, observations reveal a surprisingly diverse population. A small fraction of TDEs (at most a few percent) have been observed to produce radio-luminous mildly relativistic jets. The remainder of the population are radio quiet, producing less luminous jets, non-relativistic outflows or, possibly, no radio emission at all. Here, we review the radio observations that have been made of TDEs to date and discuss possible explanations for their properties, focusing on detected sources and, in particular, on the two best-studied events: Sw J1644+57 and ASASSN-14li. We also discuss what we have learned about the host galaxies of TDEs from radio observations and review constraints on the rates of bright and faint radio outflows in TDEs. Upcoming X-ray, optical, near-IR, and radio surveys will greatly expand the sample of TDEs, and technological advances open the exciting possibility of discovering a sample of TDEs in the radio band unbiased by host galaxy extinction.

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