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arXiv 2005.14382quant-ph
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变分量子分类器的有效离散特征编码

Efficient Discrete Feature Encoding for Variational Quantum Classifier

Hiroshi Yano, Yudai Suzuki, Kohei M. Itoh, Rudy Raymond, Naoki Yamamoto

摘要:

最近几天,人们对应用量子增强技术解决各种机器学习任务产生了浓厚的兴趣。在经典计算技术的帮助下使用不完美量子设备的量子资源的变分方法在监督学习中很受欢迎。变分量子分类(VQC)是其中一种可能具有量子优势的方法,它利用了经典方法难以计算的量子增强特征。它的性能取决于经典特征到量子增强特征空间的映射。虽然到目前为止已经提出了许多量子映射函数,但很少讨论离散特征的有效映射,例如年龄组,邮政编码等,这些特征通常对分类感兴趣的数据集很重要。我们首先介绍了使用量子随机存取编码(QRAC)有效地映射到有限数量的量子比特的VQC这样的离散功能。在数值模拟中,我们提出了一系列的编码策略,并展示了它们的局限性和能力。我们的实验表明,QRAC可以帮助加快VQC的训练,通过减少其参数,通过节省映射的量子比特的数量。我们确认的QRAC在VQC的有效性,通过实验与模拟器和真实的量子设备的真实世界的数据集的分类。

英文摘要:

Recent days have witnessed significant interests in applying quantum-enhanced techniques for solving a variety of machine learning tasks. Variational methods that use quantum resources of imperfect quantum devices with the help of classical computing techniques are popular for supervised learning. Variational quantum classification (VQC) is one of such methods with possible quantum advantage in using quantum-enhanced features that are hard to compute by classical methods. Its performance depends on the mapping of classical features into a quantum-enhanced feature space. Although there have been many quantum-mapping functions proposed so far, there is little discussion on efficient mapping of discrete features, such as age group, zip code, and others, which are often significant for classifying datasets of interest. We first introduce the use of quantum random-access coding (QRAC) to map such discrete features efficiently into limited number of qubits for VQC. In numerical simulations, we present a range of encoding strategies and demonstrate their limitations and capabilities. We experimentally show that QRAC can help speeding up the training of VQC by reducing its parameters via saving on the number of qubits for the mapping. We confirm the effectiveness of the QRAC in VQC by experimenting on classification of real-world datasets with both simulators and real quantum devices.

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