arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2005.14260cs.CVcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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概述:用于微观结构表征和分析的计算机视觉和机器学习

Overview: Computer vision and machine learning for microstructural characterization and analysis

Carnegie Mellon University(卡内基梅隆大学);MIT(麻省理工学院)

Elizabeth A. Holm, Ryan Cohn, Nan Gao, Andrew R. Kitahara, Thomas P. Matson, Bo Lei, Srujana Rao Yarasi

摘要:

微观结构的表征和分析是微观结构科学的基础,将材料结构与其成分,工艺历史和性能联系起来。微观结构量化传统上涉及人类先验地决定要测量什么,然后设计一种专门的方法来这样做。然而,数据科学的最新进展,包括计算机视觉(CV)和机器学习(ML),提供了从微观结构图像中提取信息的新方法。本文概述了CV方法对微观结构图像中包含的视觉信息进行数字编码,然后为监督或无监督ML算法提供输入,这些算法可以找到高维图像表示中的关联和趋势。用于微观结构表征和分析的CV/ML系统跨越图像分析任务的分类,包括图像分类、语义分割、目标检测和实例分割。这些工具使微观结构分析的新方法成为可能,包括开发新的、丰富的视觉指标和发现加工-微观结构-性能之间的关系。

英文摘要:

The characterization and analysis of microstructure is the foundation of microstructural science, connecting the materials structure to its composition, process history, and properties. Microstructural quantification traditionally involves a human deciding a priori what to measure and then devising a purpose-built method for doing so. However, recent advances in data science, including computer vision (CV) and machine learning (ML) offer new approaches to extracting information from microstructural images. This overview surveys CV approaches to numerically encode the visual information contained in a microstructural image, which then provides input to supervised or unsupervised ML algorithms that find associations and trends in the high-dimensional image representation. CV/ML systems for microstructural characterization and analysis span the taxonomy of image analysis tasks, including image classification, semantic segmentation, object detection, and instance segmentation. These tools enable new approaches to microstructural analysis, including the development of new, rich visual metrics and the discovery of processing-microstructure-property relationships.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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