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arXiv 2005.12734cs.CV
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通过CNN解释胸部X射线,利用分层疾病诊断和不确定性标签

Interpreting Chest X-rays via CNNs that Exploit Hierarchical Disease Dependencies and Uncertainty Labels

Vingroup Big Data Institute (VinBDI)(Vingroup大数据研究院(VinBDI))

Hieu H. Pham, Tung T. Le, Dat T. Ngo, Dat Q. Tran, Ha Q. Nguyen

摘要:

胸部X光片(CXRs)是放射科医生(NHS)最常订购的视图之一,对于许多不同胸部疾病的诊断至关重要。从CXR中准确检测多种疾病的存在仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。我们提出了一个基于深度卷积神经网络(CNN)的多标签分类框架,用于诊断14种常见胸部疾病的存在和观察。具体来说,我们训练了一组强大的CNN,利用异常标签之间的依赖关系,并使用标签平滑正则化(LSR)来更好地处理不确定样本。我们的深度网络在最近发布的CheXpert数据集(Irvinandal.,2019)和最终模型,这是一个最好的表现网络的集合,实现了平均曲线下面积(AUC)为0.940,预测5个选定的病理学从验证集。据我们所知,这是迄今为止报告的最高AUC评分。更重要的是,所提出的方法还在CheXpert竞争的独立测试集上进行了评估,该测试集包含由5名经验丰富的放射科医生组成的小组注释的500篇CXR研究。报告的性能平均优于其他3名放射科医生中的2.6名,平均AUC为0.930,这导致了CheXpert测试集的当前最先进性能。

英文摘要:

The chest X-rays (CXRs) is one of the views most commonly ordered by radiologists (NHS),which is critical for diagnosis of many different thoracic diseases. Accurately detecting thepresence of multiple diseases from CXRs is still a challenging task. We present a multi-labelclassification framework based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for diagnos-ing the presence of 14 common thoracic diseases and observations. Specifically, we trained astrong set of CNNs that exploit dependencies among abnormality labels and used the labelsmoothing regularization (LSR) for a better handling of uncertain samples. Our deep net-works were trained on over 200,000 CXRs of the recently released CheXpert dataset (Irvinandal., 2019) and the final model, which was an ensemble of the best performing networks,achieved a mean area under the curve (AUC) of 0.940 in predicting 5 selected pathologiesfrom the validation set. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest AUC score yetreported to date. More importantly, the proposed method was also evaluated on an inde-pendent test set of the CheXpert competition, containing 500 CXR studies annotated by apanel of 5 experienced radiologists. The reported performance was on average better than2.6 out of 3 other individual radiologists with a mean AUC of 0.930, which had led to thecurrent state-of-the-art performance on the CheXpert test set.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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