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arXiv 2005.11984cond-mat.stat-mech
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连续Maxwell demon中的大功提取和Landauer极限

Large work extraction and the Landauer limit in a continuous Maxwell demon

Marco Ribezzi-Crivellari, Felix Ritort

摘要:

熵和信息之间的关系可以追溯到经典的麦克斯韦恶魔(MD)悖论,一个由J。麦克斯韦违反热力学第二定律。经典MD的一个变体是L. Szilard于1926年在其中恶魔观察,在给定的时间,由一个单一的分子在容器中所占的隔间,并通过操作滑轮装置提取工作。在这里,我们介绍了连续麦克斯韦恶魔(CMD),一个设备能够提取任意大量的工作,每个周期通过重复测量系统的状态,并在实验上测试它在单个DNA发夹拉实验。在CMD中,恶魔通过以等间隔的时间间隔观察DNA发夹的状态(折叠或展开)来监测DNA发夹的状态,但提取仅在分子改变状态时才起作用。我们证明,平均最大的工作,每个周期,可以提取的CMD是有限的存储序列的信息内容,符合第二定律。工作提取效率被认为是最大的大信息内容的限制,工作提取是由罕见的事件。

英文摘要:

The relation between entropy and information dates back to the classical Maxwell demon (MD) paradox, a thought experiment proposed in 1867 by J. C. Maxwell to violate the second law of thermodynamics. A variant of the classical MD is the Szilard engine proposed by L. Szilard in 1926 in which the demon observes, at a given time, the compartment occupied by a single molecule in a vessel and extracts work by operating a pulley device. Here we introduce the Continuous Maxwell Demon (CMD), a device capable of extracting arbitrarily large amounts of work per cycle by repeated measurements of the state of a system, and experimentally test it in single DNA hairpin pulling experiments. In the CMD the demon monitors the state of the DNA hairpin (folded or unfolded) by observing it at equally spaced time intervals but extracts work only when the molecule changes state. We demonstrate that the average maximum work per cycle that can be extracted by the CMD is limited by the information-content of the stored sequences, in agreement with the second law. Work extraction efficiency is found to be maximal in the large information-content limit where work extraction is fuelled by rare events.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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