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arXiv 2005.11637cond-mat.soft
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具有内禀曲率的有源半柔性细丝的手征自分类

Chiral self-sorting of active semiflexible filaments with intrinsic curvature

Jeffrey M. Moore, Matthew A. Glaser, Meredith D. Betterton

摘要:

活性物质系统中的多体相互作用可以使粒子集体运动并自组织成具有长程序的动态结构。在细胞中,细胞骨架丝的自组装对于细胞运动、结构、细胞内运输和分裂至关重要。在二维基质(如细胞皮质)上,由聚合或运动蛋白相互作用驱动的半柔性细胞骨架细丝可以诱导细丝弯曲和曲率,从而导致有趣的集体行为。例如,已知细菌细胞分裂细丝FtsZ具有内在曲率,这导致其自组织成环和漩涡,并且最近的实验重构了由表面上的马达蛋白驱动的微管的集体运动,观察到由于细丝的马达诱导的曲率导致的集体行为的手征对称性破缺。以往关于驱动细丝系统自组织的研究工作没有研究曲率和细丝结构对集体行为的影响。在这项工作中,我们提出的布朗动力学模拟结果驱动半柔性纤维与固有曲率和研究之间的相互作用纤维的刚度和曲率半径可以调整自组织行为在同手性系统和异手性混合物。我们发现了一个曲率诱导的相变从极性的絮团到自排序的手性团簇,这是修改的细丝的灵活性。这种相变在长时间尺度上将细丝传输从弹道传输改变为扩散传输。

英文摘要:

Many-body interactions in systems of active matter can cause particles to move collectively and self-organize into dynamic structures with long-range order. In cells, the self-assembly of cytoskeletal filaments is critical for cellular motility, structure, intracellular transport, and division. Semiflexible cytoskeletal filaments driven by polymerization or motor-protein interactions on a two-dimensional substrate, such as the cell cortex, can induce filament bending and curvature leading to interesting collective behavior. For example, the bacterial cell-division filament FtsZ is known to have intrinsic curvature that causes it to self-organize into rings and vortices, and recent experiments reconstituting the collective motion of microtubules driven by motor proteins on a surface have observed chiral symmetry breaking of the collective behavior due to motor-induced curvature of the filaments. Previous work on the self-organization of driven filament systems have not studied the effects of curvature and filament structure on collective behavior. In this work, we present Brownian dynamics simulation results of driven semiflexible filaments with intrinsic curvature and investigate how the interplay between filament rigidity and radius of curvature can tune the self-organization behavior in homochiral systems and heterochiral mixtures. We find a curvature-induced phase transition from polar flocks to self-sorted chiral clusters, which is modified by filament flexibility. This phase transition changes filament transport from ballistic to diffusive at long timescales.

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