低能反氘非弹性截面的测量
Measurement of the low-energy antideuteron inelastic cross section
摘要：
在这封信中，我们报告的第一次测量的非弹性截面的反氘核相互作用在低粒子动量，覆盖范围为$0.3 \leq p < 4$ GeV/ $c$。测量是使用p-Pb碰撞进行的，每个核子-核子对的质心能量为$\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV，用欧洲核子研究中心LHC的ALICE探测器记录，并利用探测器材料作为反氘和反质子的吸收体。将提取的原始一级反粒子与粒子之比与基于GEANT 4工具包的详细ALICE模拟结果进行比较，以了解反粒子通过探测器材料的传播。原始（反）质子谱的分析作为本研究的基准，因为它们的强子相互作用截面是很好的实验约束。首次测量了原子质量数为$\langle A \rangle$ = 17.4和31.8的ALICE探测器材料上平均的反氘-核相互作用的非弹性截面。测量的非弹性截面指向一个可能的过剩相对于在GEANT 4中使用的Glauber模型参数化在最低的动量间隔$0.3 \leq p < 0.47$ GeV/ $c$高达2.1倍。这一结果对于理解反物质的传播以及星际介质中宇宙射线相互作用对反核产生的贡献是相关的。此外，这种测量所涵盖的动量范围对于评估间接暗物质搜索的信号预测特别重要。
英文摘要：
In this Letter, we report the first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antideuteron-nucleus interactions at low particle momenta, covering a range of $0.3 \leq p < 4$ GeV/$c$. The measurement is carried out using p-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV, recorded with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC and utilizing the detector material as an absorber for antideuterons and antiprotons. The extracted raw primary antiparticle-to-particle ratios are compared to the results from detailed ALICE simulations based on the GEANT4 toolkit for the propagation of antiparticles through the detector material. The analysis of the raw primary (anti)proton spectra serves as a benchmark for this study, since their hadronic interaction cross sections are well constrained experimentally. The first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antideuteron-nucleus interactions averaged over the ALICE detector material with atomic mass numbers $\langle A \rangle$ = 17.4 and 31.8 is obtained. The measured inelastic cross section points to a possible excess with respect to the Glauber model parameterization used in GEANT4 in the lowest momentum interval of $0.3 \leq p < 0.47$ GeV/$c$ up to a factor 2.1. This result is relevant for the understanding of antimatter propagation and the contributions to antinuclei production from cosmic ray interactions within the interstellar medium. In addition, the momentum range covered by this measurement is of particular importance to evaluate signal predictions for indirect dark-matter searches.
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