arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2005.10494stat.MEstat.CO
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具有潜在生物标志物效应的临床试验优化设计--一种新的计算方法

The Optimal Design of Clinical Trials with Potential Biomarker Effects, A Novel Computational Approach

Yitao Lu, Julie Zhou, Li Xing, Xuekui Zhang

摘要:

作为医疗保健的未来趋势,个性化医疗为个体患者量身定制医疗治疗。它需要确定对治疗有最佳反应的患者子集。子集可以由生物标志物(例如基因的表达)及其截止值定义。关于子集识别的话题受到了广泛的关注。在Google Scholar上通过关键词搜索的点击率超过200万。然而,如何正确地将已识别的子集/生物标志物纳入临床试验设计并不是小事,文献中很少讨论,这导致研究结果与现实世界的药物开发之间存在差距。为了填补这一空白,我们制定的临床试验设计的问题,涉及高维集成的优化问题,并提出了一种新的计算解决方案的基础上,蒙特卡罗和平滑方法。我们的方法利用现代技术的通用计算的图形处理单元的大规模并行计算。与三维问题的标准方法相比,我们的方法更准确,速度快133倍。当维度增加时,这种优势增加。我们的方法是可扩展的高维问题,因为精度界是一个有限的数量不受维度。我们的软件将在GitHub和CRAN上提供,可用于指导临床试验的设计,以更好地纳入生物标志物。虽然我们的研究是出于临床试验的设计,该方法可以广泛用于解决其他涉及高维集成的优化问题。

英文摘要:

As a future trend of healthcare, personalized medicine tailors medical treatments to individual patients. It requires to identify a subset of patients with the best response to treatment. The subset can be defined by a biomarker (e.g. expression of a gene) and its cutoff value. Topics on subset identification have received massive attention. There are over 2 million hits by keyword searches on Google Scholar. However, how to properly incorporate the identified subsets/biomarkers to design clinical trials is not trivial and rarely discussed in the literature, which leads to a gap between research results and real-world drug development. To fill in this gap, we formulate the problem of clinical trial design into an optimization problem involving high-dimensional integration, and propose a novel computational solution based on Monte-Carlo and smoothing methods. Our method utilizes the modern techniques of General-Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units for large-scale parallel computing. Compared to the standard method in three-dimensional problems, our approach is more accurate and 133 times faster. This advantage increases when dimensionality increases. Our method is scalable to higher-dimensional problems since the precision bound is a finite number not affected by dimensionality. Our software will be available on GitHub and CRAN, which can be applied to guide the design of clinical trials to incorporate the biomarker better. Although our research is motivated by the design of clinical trials, the method can be used widely to solve other optimization problems involving high-dimensional integration.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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