横向热涨落如何将手征螺旋凝聚体无序化为量子自旋液体
How transverse thermal fluctuations disorder a condensate of chiral spirals into a quantum spin liquid
摘要：
对于具有整体$O(N)$对称性的标量理论，当$N=2$时，当具有两个空间导数的拉格朗日量中的项具有负系数时，出现空间非均匀凝聚。如果这种手征螺旋的凝聚体只包含一种模式，其特征在于动量为$k_0 \hat{z}$，那么在非零温度下的微扰理论中，当$\vec{k}^2 = k_0^2$时，静态模式的传播子具有双极点。我们推测，由于手征螺旋自发地打破全球和时空对称性，这种双极是其静态横模的普遍属性。来自双极的波动在任意数量的空间维度上产生线性红外发散，并且使手征螺旋的凝聚物无序，类似于一种类型的量子自旋液体。该区域的特征在于，在大的空间距离上，两点函数是通常的指数乘以振荡函数。我们在整个$N$中证明了这一点，并建议所有$N > 2$都出现这种情况。四费米子模型和QCD相图的含义进行了讨论。
英文摘要：
For a scalar theory with a global $O(N)$ symmetry, when $N=2$ a spatially inhomogeneous condensate arises when the term in the Lagrangian with two spatial derivatives has a negative coefficient. If the condensate for such a chiral spiral includes only one mode, characterized by a momentum $k_0 \hat{z}$, then in perturbation theory at nonzero temperature the propagator for the static mode has a double pole when $\vec{k}^2 = k_0^2$. We conjecture that since chiral spirals spontaneously break both global and spacetime symmetries, that such double poles are a universal property of their static transverse modes. Fluctuations from double poles generate linear infrared divergences in any number of spatial dimensions and disorder the condensate of chiral spirals, analogous to a type of quantum spin liquid. The characteristic feature of this region is that over large spatial distances the two point function is the usual exponential times an oscillatory function. We prove this at large $N$ and suggest this occurs for all $N > 2$. Implications for four-fermion models and the phase diagram of QCD are discussed.
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