The purpose of this paper is to study the Schwarz-Pick type inequalities for harmonic or pluriharmonic functions. By analogy with the generalized Khavinson conjecture, we first give some sharp estimates of the norm of harmonic functions from the Euclidean unit ball in $\mathbb{R}^n$ into the unit ball of the real Minkowski space. Next, we give several sharp Schwarz-Pick type inequalities for pluriharmonic functions from the Euclidean unit ball in $\mathbb{C}^n$ or from the unit polydisc in $\mathbb{C}^n$ into the unit ball of the Minkowski space. Furthermore, we establish some sharp coefficient type Schwarz-Pick inequalities for pluriharmonic functions defined in the Minkowski space. Finally, we use the obtained Schwarz-Pick type inequalities to discuss the Lipschitz continuity, the Schwarz-Pick type lemmas of arbitrary order and the Bohr phenomenon of harmonic or pluriharmonic functions.
In this paper, we will give Schwarz-Pick type estimates of arbitrary order partial derivatives for bounded pluriharmonic mappings defined in the unit polydisk. Our main results are generalizations of results of Colonna for planar harmonic mappings in [Indiana Univ. Math. J. 38: 829--840, 1989].
The Schwarz lemma as one of the most influential results in complex analysis and it has a great impact to the development of several research fields, such as geometric function theory, hyperbolic geometry, complex dynamical systems, and theory of quasi-conformal mappings. In this note we mainly consider various version of Schwarz lemma and its relatives related to holomorphic functions including several variables.
The main purpose of this paper is to develop some methods to investigate the Schwarz type lemmas of holomorphic mappings and pluriharmonic mappings in Hilbert and Banach spaces. Initially, we extend the classical Schwarz lemmas of holomorphic mappings to Hilbert and Banach spaces. Furthermore, we improve and generalize the classical Schwarz lemmas of planar harmonic mappings into the sharp forms of Banach spaces, and present some applications to sharp boundary Schwarz type lemmas for pluriharmonic mappings in Hilbert and Banach spaces and the obtained results provide the improvements and gener…
In this paper, we first establish a Schwarz-Pick type theorem for pluriharmonic mappings and then we apply it to discuss the equivalent norms on Lipschitz-type spaces. Finally, we obtain several Landau's and Bloch's type theorems for pluriharmonic mappings.
The main purpose of this paper is to develop some methods to investigate the Schwarz type lemmas of holomorphic mappings and pluriharmonic mappings in Banach spaces. Initially, we extend the classical Schwarz lemmas of holomorphic mappings to Banach spaces, and then we apply these extensions to establish a sharp Bloch type theorem for pluriharmonic mappings on homogeneous unit balls of $\C^n$ and to obtain some sharp boundary Schwarz type lemmas for holomorphic mappings in Banach spaces. Furthermore, we improve and generalize the classical Schwarz lemmas of planar harmonic mappings into the sh…
We prove a high order Schwarz-Pick lemma for mappings between unit balls in complex spaces in terms of the Bergman metric. From this lemma, Schwarz-Pick estimates for partial derivatives of arbitrary order of mappings are deduced.
In this paper we prove a Schwarz-Pick lemma for the modulus of holomorphic mappings between the unit balls in complex spaces. This extends the classical Schwarz-Pick lemma and the related result proved by Pavlovic.
In this paper we prove a Schwarz-Pick lemma for the modulus of holomorphic mappings from the polydisk into the unit ball. This result extends some related results.
We consider the multi-point Schwarz-Pick lemma and its associate functions due to Beardon-Minda and Baribeau-Rivard-Wegert. Basic properties of the associate functions are summarized. Then we observe that special cases of the multi-point Schwarz-Pick lemma give Schur's continued fraction algorithm and several inequalities for bounded analytic functions on the unit disk.
We prove a kind of "reverse Schwarz--Pick lemma" for holomorphic self-maps of the disk. The result becomes especially clear-cut for inner functions and casts new light on their derivatives.
In this paper, we first establish the Schwarz-Pick lemma of higher-order and apply it to obtain a univalency criteria for planar harmonic mappings. Then we discuss distortion theorems, Lipschitz continuity and univalency of planar harmonic mappings defined in the unit disk with linearly connected images.
We prove a ``general shrinking lemma'' that resembles the Schwarz--Pick--Ahlfors Lemma and its many generalizations, but differs in applying to maps of a finite disk into a disk, rather than requiring the domain of the map to be complete. The conclusion is that distances to the origin are all shrunk, and by a limiting procedure we can recover the original Ahlfors Lemma, that {\em all} distances are shrunk. The method of proof is also different in that it relates the shrinking of the Schwarz--Pick--Ahlfors-type lemmas to the comparison theorems of Riemannian geometry.
The celebrated Schwarz-Pick lemma for the complex unit disk is the basis for the study of hyperbolic geometry in one and in several complex variables. In the present paper, we turn our attention to the quaternionic unit ball B. We prove a version of the Schwarz-Pick lemma for self-maps of B that are slice regular, according to the definition of Gentili and Struppa. The lemma has interesting applications in the fixed-point case, and it generalizes to the case of vanishing higher order derivatives.
In this paper, we discuss some properties on hyperbolic-harmonic mappings in the unit ball of $\mathbb{C}^{n}$. First, we investigate the relationship between the weighted Lipschitz functions and the hyperbolic-harmonic Bloch spaces. Then we establish the Schwarz-Pick type theorem for hyperbolic-harmonic mappings and apply it to prove the existence of Landau-Bloch constant for mappings in $α$-Bloch spaces.
The purpose of this paper is to study the Schwarz-Pick type inequality and the Lipschitz continuity for the solutions to the nonhomogeneous biharmonic equation: $Δ(Δf)=g$, where $g:$ $\overline{\ID}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}$ is a continuous function and $\overline{\ID}$ denotes the closure of the unit disk $\ID$ in the complex plane $\mathbb{C}$. In fact, we establish the following properties for these solutions: Firstly, we show that the solutions $f$ do not always satisfy the Schwarz-Pick type inequality $$\frac{1-|z|^2}{1-|f(z)|^2}\leq C, $$ where $C$ is a constant. Secondly, we establish a gen…
The aim of this paper is to establish some properties of solutions to the Dirichlet-Neumann problem: $(\partial_z\partial_{\overline{z}})^2 w=g$ in the unit disc $\ID$, $w=γ_0$ and $\partial_ν\partial_z\partial_{\overline{z}}w=γ$ on $\mathbb{T}$ (the unit circle), $\frac{1}{2πi}\int_{\mathbb{T}}w_{ζ\overlineζ}(ζ)\frac{dζ}ζ=c$, where $\partial_ν$ denotes differentiation in the outward normal direction. More precisely, we obtain Schwarz-Pick type inequalities and Landau type theorem for solutions to the Dirichlet-Neumann problem.
The well-known Schwarz-Pick lemma states that any analytic mapping $ϕ$ of the unit disk $U$ into itself satisfies the inequality $$|ϕ'(z)|\leq \frac{1-|ϕ(z)|^2}{1-|z|^2}, \quad z\in U.$$ This estimate remains the same if we restrict ourselves to univalent mappings. The lower estimate is $|ϕ'(z)|\geq 0$ generally or $|ϕ'(z)|> 0$ for univalent functions. To make the lower estimate non-trivial we consider univalent functions and fix the angular limit and the angular derivative at some points of the unit circle. In order to obtain sharp estimates we make use of the reduced modulus of a digon.
We establish some inequalities of Schwarz-Pick type for harmonic and hyperbolic harmonic functions on the unit ball of and we disprove a recent conjecture of Liu [Schwarz-Pick Lemma for Harmonic Functions, International Mathematics Research Notices, 2021].
Based on the recently proved Khavinson conjecture, we establish an inequality of Schwarz-Pick type for harmonic functions on the unit ball of $\mathbb{R}^n$.
The notion of a unitary realization is used to estimate derivatives of arbitrary order of functions in the Schur-Agler class on the polydisk and unit ball.
We study several aspects concerning slice regular functions mapping the quaternionic open unit ball into itself. We characterize these functions in terms of their Taylor coefficients at the origin and identify them as contractive multipliers of the Hardy space. In addition, we formulate and solve the Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation problem in the class of such functions presenting necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence and for the uniqueness of a solution. Finally, we describe all solutions to the problem in the indeterminate case.
We provide a necessary condition for the existence of a 3-point holomorphic interpolant $F:\mathbb{D}\longrightarrowΩ_n$, $n\geq 2$. Our condition is inequivalent to the necessary conditions hitherto known for this problem. The condition generically involves a single inequality and is reminiscent of the Schwarz lemma. We combine some of the ideas and techniques used in our result on the $\mathcal{O}(\mathbb{D},Ω_n)$-interpolation problem to establish a Schwarz lemma -- which may be of independent interest -- for holomorphic correspondences from $\mathbb{D}$ to a general planar domain $Ω\Subset…
The most classical version of the Schwarz lemma involves the behavior at the origin of a bounded, holomorphic function on the disc. Pick's version of the Schwarz lemma allows one to move the origin to other points of the disc. In the present paper we explore versions of the Schwarz lemma at a boundary point of a domain (not just the disc). Estimates on derivatives of the function, and other types of estimates as well, are considered. We review recent results of several authors, and present some new theorems as well.
We give simple proofs of various versions of the Schwarz lemma for real valued harmonic functions and for holomorphic (more generally harmonic quasi\-re\-gu\-lar, shortly HQR) mappings with the strip codomain. Along the way using the principle of subordination and the corresponding conformal mapping, depicted on the Figure 1, we get a simple proof of a new version of the Schwarz lemma for real valued harmonic functions (see Theorems 4 and 5) and Theorem 6 related to holomorphic mappings. Using the Schwarz-Pick lemma related to distortion for harmonic mappings and the elementary properties of t…
We prove Schwarz-Pick type estimates and coefficient estimates for a class of elliptic partial differential operators introduced by Olofsson. Then we apply these results to obtain a Landau type theorem.
The Schwarz--Pick lemma is a fundamental result in complex analysis. It is well-known that Yau generalized it to the higher dimensional manifolds by applying his maximum principle for complete Riemannian manifolds. Jeffres obtained Schwarz lemma for volume forms of conical Kähler metrics, based on a barrier function and the maximum principle argument. In this note, we generalize Jeffres' result to general cone angles including the case when the pullback of the metric would blows up along the divisors.
The aim of this paper is to obtain the Schwarz-Pick type inequality for $α$-harmonic functions $f$ in the unit disk and get estimates on the coefficients of $f$. As an application, a Landau type theorem of $α$-harmonic functions is established.
We extend the classical Schwarz-Pick inequality to the class of harmonic mappings between the unit disk and a Jordan domain with given perimeter. It is intriguing that the extremals in this case are certain harmonic diffeomorphisms between the unit disk and a convex domain that solve the Beltrami equation of second order.
Two different problems are considered here. First, a version of Schwarz-Pick Lemma for $n$ points leads to an interpolation problem for analytic functions from the disc into itself, which may be considered as a particular case of the classical Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation problem. Second, a characterization of sampling sequences for this class of functions is given.
In this paper, we investigate some properties on harmonic functions and solutions to Poisson equations. First, we will discuss the Lipschitz type spaces on harmonic functions. Secondly, we establish the Schwarz-Pick lemma for harmonic functions in the unit ball $\IB^n$ of $\IR^n$, and then we apply it to obtain a Bloch theorem for harmonic functions in Hardy spaces. At last, we use a normal family argument to extend the Landau-Bloch type theorem to functions which are solutions to Poisson equations.
The regular fractional transformations of the extended quaternionic space have been recently introduced as variants of the classical linear fractional transformations. These variants have the advantage of being included in the class of slice regular functions, introduced by Gentili and Struppa in 2006, so that they can be studied with the useful tools available in this theory. We first consider their general properties, then focus on the regular Möbius transformations of the quaternionic unit ball B, comparing the latter with their classical analogs. In particular we study the relation between…
The aim of this paper is to establish properties of the solutions to the $α$-harmonic equations: $Δ_α(f(z))=\partial{z}[(1-{|{z}|}^{2})^{-α} \overline{\partial}{z}f](z)=g(z)$, where $g:\overline{\mathbb{ID}}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}$ is a continuous function and $\overline{\mathbb{D}}$ denotes the closure of the unit disc $\mathbb{D}$ in the complex plane $\mathbb{C}$. We obtain Schwarz type and Schwarz-Pick type inequalities for the solutions to the $α$-harmonic equation. In particular, for $g\equiv 0$, the solutions to the above equation are called $α$-harmonic functions. We determine the necess…
Along with the development of the theory of slice regular functions over the real algebra of quaternions $\mathbb{H}$ during the last decade, some natural questions arose about slice regular functions on the open unit ball $\mathbb{B}$ in $\mathbb{H}$. This work establishes several new results in this context. Along with some useful estimates for slice regular self-maps of $\mathbb{B}$ fixing the origin, it establishes two variants of the quaternionic Schwarz-Pick lemma, specialized to maps $\mathbb{B}\to\mathbb{B}$ that are not injective. These results allow a full generalization to quaternio…
