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arXiv 2005.10017cs.ROcs.SYeess.SY
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差分映射脉冲神经网络用于机器人传感器控制

Differential Mapping Spiking Neural Network for Sensor-Based Robot Control

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(香港理工大学);Technical University of Denmark(丹麦技术大学)

Omar Zahra, Silvia Tolu, David Navarro-Alarcon

摘要:

在这项工作中,提出了一个脉冲神经网络(SNN)近似差分感觉运动地图的机器人系统。所计算的模型被用作将传感器空间中的变化与运动空间中的变化相关联的局部雅可比式投影。SNN由通过可塑性突触连接的输入(感觉)层和输出(运动)层组成,在输出层具有抑制间连接。尖峰神经元被建模为Izhikevich神经元的突触学习规则的基础上尖峰时间依赖的可塑性。来自本体感受和外感受传感器的反馈数据被编码并通过运动牙牙学语过程馈送到输入层。由于构建高效SNN的主要挑战是调整其参数,因此我们提出了一种直观的调整方法,可以大大减少神经元的数量和训练所需的数据量。我们提出的架构代表了一个生物学上合理的神经控制器,能够处理嘈杂的传感器读数,以指导机器人运动的实时性。实验结果验证了视觉引导机器人的控制方法。

英文摘要:

In this work, a spiking neural network (SNN) is proposed for approximating differential sensorimotor maps of robotic systems. The computed model is used as a local Jacobian-like projection that relates changes in sensor space to changes in motor space. The SNN consists of an input (sensory) layer and an output (motor) layer connected through plastic synapses, with inter-inhibitory connections at the output layer. Spiking neurons are modeled as Izhikevich neurons with a synaptic learning rule based on spike-timing-dependent plasticity. Feedback data from proprioceptive and exteroceptive sensors are encoded and fed into the input layer through a motor babbling process. As the main challenge to building an efficient SNN is to tune its parameters, we present an intuitive tuning method that considerably reduces the number of neurons and the amount of data required for training. Our proposed architecture represents a biologically plausible neural controller that is capable of handling noisy sensor readings to guide robot movements in real-time. Experimental results are presented to validate the control methodology with a vision-guided robot.

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