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arXiv 2005.07974nucl-thnucl-ex
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高能核碰撞方位角关联多粒子累积量的通用算法

Generic algorithm for multi-particle cumulants of azimuthal correlations in high energy nucleus collisions

Zuzana Moravcova, Kristjan Gulbrandsen, You Zhou

备注：
13 pages, 6 figures
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. C 103, 024913 (2021)
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摘要：

方位角关联的多粒子累积量已成为研究超相对论重离子碰撞中产生的夸克-胶子等离子体（QGP）性质以及在RHIC和LHC小碰撞系统中寻找QGP的有力工具。然而，只有很少的他们是可用的，并已在理论计算和实验测量研究。在本文中，我们提出了一个通用的多粒子累积量的递归算法，它可以计算任意阶的多粒子累积量。其中，新的10-，12-，14-和16-粒子的单次谐波累积量，命名为$c_{n}\{10\}$，$c_{n}\{12\}$，$c_{n}\{14\}$，和$c_{n}\{16\}$，以及相应的$v_n$系数，将是第一次讨论。这些新的多粒子累积量可以很容易地与更新的通用框架的多粒子相关性，以一个非常高的顺序一起使用。最后，我们提出了一个特殊的系列的混合谐波多粒子累积量，它测量的一般相关性之间的任何时刻的不同的流量系数。这些新的观测值的预测显示的基础上的初始状态模型MC-Glauber，玩具蒙特卡洛模型，和HIJING运输模型的实验数据和理论模型计算之间的未来比较。对重离子碰撞中这些新的多粒子累积量的研究将显著地提高对联合概率密度函数的理解，联合概率密度函数既涉及流的不同谐波，也涉及对称平面。这将为对初始状态进行更严格的约束铺平道路，并有助于更精确地提取所产生的热而致密的物质如何演变。同时，应用于小系统的努力可能会非常有助于理解在RHIC和LHC上观察到的集体性的起源。

英文摘要：

Multi-particle cumulants of azimuthal angle correlations have been compelling tools to probe the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) created in the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions and the search for the QGP in small collision systems at RHIC and the LHC. However, only very few of them are available and have been studied in theoretical calculations and experimental measurements. In this paper, we present a generic recursive algorithm for multi-particle cumulants, which enables the calculation of arbitrary order multi-particle cumulants. Among them, the new 10-, 12-, 14-, and 16-particle cumulants of a single harmonic, named $c_{n}\{10\}$, $c_{n}\{12\}$, $c_{n}\{14\}$, and $c_{n}\{16\}$, and the corresponding $v_n$ coefficients, will be discussed for the first time. These new multi-particle cumulants can be readily used along with updates to the generic framework of multi-particle correlations to a very high order. Finally, we propose a particular series of mixed harmonic multi-particle cumulants, which measures the general correlations between any moments of different flow coefficients. The predictions of these new observables are shown based on an initial state model MC-Glauber, a toy Monte Carlo model, and the HIJING transport model for future comparisons between experimental data and theoretical model calculations. The study of these new multi-particle cumulants in heavy-ion collisions will significantly improve the understanding of the joint probability density function which involves both different harmonics of flow and also the symmetry planes. This will pave the way for more stringent constraints on the initial state and help to extract more precisely how the created hot and dense matter evolves. Meanwhile, the efforts applied to small systems could be very helpful in the understanding of the origin of the observed collectivity at RHIC and the LHC.

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