经典电路的量子虚拟黑箱混淆的不可能性
Impossibility of Quantum Virtual Black-Box Obfuscation of Classical Circuits
摘要：
虚拟黑盒混淆是一种强大的加密原语：它在加密电路的同时保持其完整的输入/输出功能。Barak等人（Crypto 2001）的一个显著结果表明，将经典电路混淆为经典电路的通用混淆器不存在。规避这种不可能结果的一个有希望的方向是将经典电路混淆成量子态，这可能更好地隐藏关于混淆电路的信息。我们表明，在错误学习（LWE）对量子计算机来说很难的假设下，这种经典电路的虚拟黑盒混淆的量子变体通常是不可能的。在此过程中，我们证明了在依赖经典辅助输入的存在下，即使是一小类经典点函数也不能被量子虚黑箱混淆。
英文摘要：
Virtual black-box obfuscation is a strong cryptographic primitive: it encrypts a circuit while maintaining its full input/output functionality. A remarkable result by Barak et al. (Crypto 2001) shows that a general obfuscator that obfuscates classical circuits into classical circuits cannot exist. A promising direction that circumvents this impossibility result is to obfuscate classical circuits into quantum states, which would potentially be better capable of hiding information about the obfuscated circuit. We show that, under the assumption that learning-with-errors (LWE) is hard for quantum computers, this quantum variant of virtual black-box obfuscation of classical circuits is generally impossible. On the way, we show that under the presence of dependent classical auxiliary input, even the small class of classical point functions cannot be quantum virtual black-box obfuscated.
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