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arXiv 2005.06048astro-ph.GA
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螺旋星系NGC 2903分子气体的多谱线研究

Multiple-line study of molecular gas in spiral galaxy NGC 2903

Selçuk Topal

摘要:

多分子谱线与辐射转移模型是探索星系中恒星形成气体物理的有力工具。利用12 CO(1-0)、12 CO(2-1)、12 CO(3-2)、13 CO(1-0)和HCN(1-0)等低J CO谱线研究了旋涡星系NGC 2903中心的气体性质。我们应用非局域热力学平衡辐射转移程序来推导束均分子气体的性质。我们使用两种方法(即卡方最小化和似然)来定义最好的模型,最好地代表观察到的线比。线比诊断表明,NGC 2903中心的CO气体较薄,致密气体部分与螺旋星系、星暴星系和早型星系(ETG)相似,而星系中心的气体比ETG温暖,比星暴冷。根据最佳拟合模型的计算结果,得到NGC 2903中心的束流平均气体动力学温度为T_K = 20 K,H_2体积数密度为log(n(H_2))= 4.2 cm-3,CO柱数密度为log(N(CO))= 19.0 cm-2。这两种方法,即线比诊断和模拟,都表明NGC 2903中心的ISM具有中等的温度和恒星形成活动(也得到恒星形成率的支持),与螺旋、ETG和星爆相比,CO气体密度更低,密度相近,H_2体积数密度更高。

英文摘要:

Multiple molecular lines with radiative transfer modelling are a powerful tool to probe the physics of star-forming gas in galaxies. We investigate the gas properties in the centre of the spiral galaxy NGC 2903 using low-J CO lines, i.e. 12CO(1-0), 12CO(2-1), 12CO(3-2), 13CO(1-0), and HCN(1-0). We apply a nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer code to derive beam-averaged molecular gas properties. We use two methods (i.e. chi-square minimizations and likelihood) to define the best model representing the observed line ratios best. The line ratio diagnostics suggest that CO gas in the centre of NGC 2903 is thinner and the dense gas fraction is similar compared to that of spirals, starburst, and early-type galaxies (ETGs), while the gas in the centre of the galaxy is warmer than that of ETGs and colder than that of starbursts. Based on the best-fitting model results, we find that the beam-averaged gas kinetic temperature is T_K = 20 K, H_2 volume number density is log(n(H_2)) = 4.2 cm-3 , and CO column number density is log(N(CO)) = 19.0 cm-2 in the centre of NGC 2903. Both methods, i.e. the line ratio diagnostics and modelling, indicate an ISM in the centre of NGC 2903 having intermediate temperature and star formation activity (also supported by star formation rates), thinner CO gas with similar dense gas fraction, and higher H_2 volume number density compared to that of spirals, ETGs, and starbursts.

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