arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2005.05880cs.HCstat.ME
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开发数字干预的微型随机试验:实验设计考虑

The Micro-Randomized Trial for Developing Digital Interventions: Experimental Design Considerations

Ashley E. Walton, Linda M. Collins, Predrag Klasnja, Inbal Nahum-Shani, Mashfiqui Rabbi, Maureen A. Walton, Susan A. Murphy

摘要:

即时适应性干预(JITAI)是一种随时间变化的适应性干预,它使用频繁的机会来适应干预,例如每周、每天甚至每天多次。这种高强度的适应是由数字技术的能力,以不断收集有关个人的当前环境的信息,并提供适应这些信息的治疗促进。微型随机试验(MRT)已经出现,用于为JITAI的构建提供信息。MRT在快速时变的数字干预环境中运行并利用该环境。MRT可用于解决关于JITAI的特定组件是否以及在什么情况下有效的研究问题,最终目标是开发有效和高效的组件。本文的目的是澄清为什么,何时以及如何使用MRT;强调设计和实施MRT时必须考虑的因素;并讨论这种新兴的优化试验设计为行为科学,教育和其他领域的未来研究提供的可能性。我们简要回顾了JITAIs的关键要素,然后描述了MRT的三个案例研究,每个案例研究都强调了可以使用MRT解决的研究问题和可能出现的实验设计考虑。我们还讨论了各种考虑因素,进入规划和设计的捷运,使用的案例研究作为例子。

英文摘要:

Just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) are time-varying adaptive interventions that use frequent opportunities for the intervention to be adapted such as weekly, daily, or even many times a day. This high intensity of adaptation is facilitated by the ability of digital technology to continuously collect information about an individual's current context and deliver treatments adapted to this information. The micro-randomized trial (MRT) has emerged for use in informing the construction of JITAIs. MRTs operate in, and take advantage of, the rapidly time-varying digital intervention environment. MRTs can be used to address research questions about whether and under what circumstances particular components of a JITAI are effective, with the ultimate objective of developing effective and efficient components. The purpose of this article is to clarify why, when, and how to use MRTs; to highlight elements that must be considered when designing and implementing an MRT; and to discuss the possibilities this emerging optimization trial design offers for future research in the behavioral sciences, education, and other fields. We briefly review key elements of JITAIs, and then describe three case studies of MRTs, each of which highlights research questions that can be addressed using the MRT and experimental design considerations that might arise. We also discuss a variety of considerations that go into planning and designing an MRT, using the case studies as examples.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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