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arXiv 2005.05357gr-qchep-thquant-ph
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奇点分辨率取决于时钟

Singularity resolution depends on the clock

Steffen Gielen, Lucía Menéndez-Pidal

摘要:

我们研究了一个平坦的Friedmann-Lemaintre-Robertson-Walker宇宙的量子宇宙学,这个宇宙充满了一个(自由的)无质量标量场和一个代表辐射的完美流体,或者一个宇宙学常数,它的值不被作用量固定,就像在单模引力中一样。我们研究了两种版本的量子理论:第一种是基于与辐射/暗能量物质分量共轭的时间坐标,即,适形时间(用于辐射)或单模时间。正如格里布和泰博所证明的,这个量子理论实现了一种奇异性解析;我们举例说明这个理论的这个和其他性质。然后,该理论与第二种类型的量子化形成对比,其中标度因子的对数作为时间,这已经在量子宇宙学的“完美反弹”的背景下进行了研究。与第一个量子理论不同,第二个量子理论包含遵循经典轨道的半经典态,并且不受阻碍地演化到奇点,因此没有奇点分辨率。我们讨论如何一个复杂的比例因子最好地描述半经典动力学。这个宇宙学模型是量子宇宙学中时间问题的一个例证。

英文摘要:

We study the quantum cosmology of a flat Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universe filled with a (free) massless scalar field and a perfect fluid that represents radiation or a cosmological constant whose value is not fixed by the action, as in unimodular gravity. We study two versions of the quantum theory: the first is based on a time coordinate conjugate to the radiation/dark energy matter component, i.e., conformal time (for radiation) or unimodular time. As shown by Gryb and Thébault, this quantum theory achieves a type of singularity resolution; we illustrate this and other properties of this theory. The theory is then contrasted with a second type of quantisation in which the logarithm of the scale factor serves as time, which has been studied in the context of the "perfect bounce" for quantum cosmology. Unlike the first quantum theory, the second one contains semiclassical states that follow classical trajectories and evolve into the singularity without obstruction, thus showing no singularity resolution. We discuss how a complex scale factor best describes the semiclassical dynamics. This cosmological model serves as an illustration of the problem of time in quantum cosmology.

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