通过结构光的纯相位整形提高光束品质因数（$M^2$）
Improving the beam quality factor ($M^2$) by phase-only reshaping of structured light
摘要：
激光亮度在许多光学工艺中至关重要，可通过高功率、高光束质量（低$M^2$）光束进行优化。在这里，我们展示了如何提高激光束品质因数（减少$M^2$）的任意结构光场在一个无损的方式使用连续的相位只有元素，从而允许通过一个简单的线性光学变换的亮度增加。我们演示了四个高$M^2$初始光束的原理，每个转换为高斯（$M^2 \approx 1$）与亮度的$>10 \times$的显着增加。这项工作提出了一个新的角度对旧的辩论，提高激光光束质量的二元衍射光学，同时提供了一个实用的方法来提高激光亮度的任意输入光束。
英文摘要：
Laser brightness is crucial in many optical processes, and is optimised by high power, high beam quality (low $M^2$) beams. Here we show how to improve the laser beam quality factor (reducing the $M^2$) of arbitrary structured light fields in a lossless manner using continuous phase-only elements, thus allowing for the increase in brightness by a simple linear optical transformation. We demonstrate the principle with four high $M^2$ initial beams, converting each to a Gaussian ($M^2 \approx 1$) with a dramatic increase in brightness of $>10 \times$. This work puts a new perspective on the old debate of improving laser beam quality with binary diffractive optics, while providing a practical approach to enhancing laser brightness for arbitrary input beams.
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