结构光的无损整形
Lossless reshaping of structured light
AI总结：
针对传统结构光产生与探测过程的固有损耗问题，本研究提出一种简单的两步式无损整形方法，通过理论论证与任意图案整形实验明确其适用条件，为结构光工具库及光空间模式的通信应用提供支撑。
摘要：
结构光涉及对光的空间自由度（振幅、相位和偏振）的调控，已在众多应用中被证实极具实用价值。结构光的产生通常包含将高斯模单步转换为目标结构的过程，而探测往往是其逆过程，二者从根本上而言都是有损的或不完善的。本研究展示了如何通过一种简单的两步过程以无损方式实现结构光的理想整形。我们阐述了核心理论依据，并演示了任意结构光图案的整形，在此过程中明确了该技术的适用与不适用情形，以及最佳实现方式。这项工作将为结构光工具库增添一项实用工具，尤其适用于希望将光的空间模式用作经典与量子通信基础的研究人员。
英文摘要：
Structured light concerns the control of light in its spatial degrees of freedom (amplitude, phase and polarization), and has proven instrumental in many applications. The creation of structured light usually involves the conversion of a Gaussian mode to a desired structure in a single step, while the detection is often the reverse process, both fundamentally lossy or imperfect. Here we show how to ideally reshape structured light in a lossless manner in a simple two-step process. We outline the core theoretical arguments, and demonstrate reshaping of arbitrary structured light patterns, in the process highlighting when the technique is applicable and when not, and how best to implement it. This work will be a useful addition to the structured light toolkit, and particularly relevant to those wishing to use the spatial modes of light as a basis in classical and quantum communication.
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