The GPS is vulnerable to GPS spoofing attack (GSA), which leads to disorder in time and position results of the GPS receiver. In power grids, phasor measurement units (PMUs) use GPS to build time-tagged measurements, so they are susceptible to this attack. As a result of this attack, sampling time and phase angle of the PMU measurements change. In this paper, a neural network GPS spoofing detection (NNGSD) with employing PMU data from the dynamic power system is presented to detect GSAs. Numerical results in different conditions show the real-time performance of the proposed detection method.
The vulnerability of the Global Positioning System (GPS) against spoofing is known for quite some time. Also, the positioning and navigation of most semi-autonomous and autonomous drones are dependent on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals. In prior work, simplistic or asynchronous GPS spoofing was found to be a simple, efficient, and effective cyber attack against L1 GPS or GNSS dependent commercial drones. In this paper, first we make some important observations on asynchronous GPS spoofing attacks on drones presented in prior research literature. Then, we design an asynchronou…
GPS Spoofing Attack Detection in Autonomous Vehicles Using Adaptive DBSCAN
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at North Carolina A&T State University（北卡罗来纳A&T州立大学电气与计算机工程系）；University of Alabama（阿拉巴马大学）；Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Windsor University（温斯低大学电气与计算机工程系）
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign（伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）；Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay（印度理工学院孟买分校）
To address PMU vulnerability against spoofing, we propose a set-valued state estimation technique known as Stochastic Reachability-based Distributed Kalman Filter (SR-DKF) that computes secure GPS timing across a network of receivers. Utilizing stochastic reachability, we estimate not only GPS time but also its stochastic reachable set, which is parameterized via probabilistic zonotope (p-Zonotope). While requiring known measurement error bounds in only non-spoofed conditions, we design a two-tier approach: We first perform measurement-level spoofing mitigation via deviation of measurement inn…
As the worlds predominant navigation system GPS is critical to modern life, finding applications in diverse areas like information security, healthcare, marketing, and power and water grid management. Unfortunately this diversification has only served to underscore the insecurity of GPS and the critical need to harden this system against manipulation and exploitation. A wide variety of attacks against GPS have already been documented, both in academia and industry. Several defenses have been proposed to combat these attacks, but they are ultimately insufficient due to scope, expense, complexit…
Due to the vulnerability of civilian global positioning system (GPS) signals, the accuracy of phasor measurement units (PMUs) can be greatly compromised by GPS spoofing attacks (GSAs), which introduce phase shifts into true phase angle measurements. Focusing on simultaneous GSAs for multiple PMU locations, this paper proposes a novel identification and correction algorithm in distribution systems. A sensitivity analysis of state estimation residuals on a single GSA phase angle is firstly implemented. An identification algorithm using a probing technique is proposed to determine the locations o…
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) suffer from sensor drifts in GPS denied environments, which can lead to potentially dangerous situations. To avoid intolerable sensor drifts in the presence of GPS spoofing attacks, we propose a safety constrained control framework that adapts the UAV at a path re-planning level to support resilient state estimation against GPS spoofing attacks. The attack detector is used to detect GPS spoofing attacks based on the resilient state estimation and provides a switching criterion between the robust control mode and emergency control mode. To quantify the safety mar…
This work proposes a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) spoofing detection and classification technique for single antenna receivers. We formulate an optimization problem at the baseband correlator domain by using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO). We model correlator tap outputs of the received signal to form a dictionary of triangle-shaped functions and leverage sparse signal processing to choose a decomposition of shifted matching triangles from said dictionary. The optimal solution of this minimization problem discriminates the presence of a potential spoof…
Introduction of PMUs to cyber-physical system pro-vides accurate data acquisition, while posing additional risk of being the victim of cyber attack. Both False Data Injection Attack (FDIA) and GPS-spoofing or timing attack can provide malicious data to the cyber system, though these two attacks require different post-attack contingency plan. Thus accurate detection of timing attack and separating it from conventional FDIA has become a very important research area. In this article, a successful detection of timing attack mechanism is proposed. Firstly, a method to distinguish timing attack and …
School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University（河南农业大学林学院）；University of Malaya（马来亚大学）；School of Management, Henan University of Technology（河南工业大学管理学院）；Islamic Azad University（伊斯兰阿扎德大学）；Obuda University（欧布达大学）；Oxford Brookes University（牛津布鲁克斯大学）
Recently, various relations and criteria have been presented to establish a proper relationship between control systems and control the Global Positioning System (GPS)-intelligent buoy system. Given the importance of controlling the position of buoys and the construction of intelligent systems, in this paper, dynamic system modeling is applied to position marine buoys through the improved neural network with a backstepping technique. This study aims at developing a novel controller based on an adaptive fuzzy neural network to optimally track the dynamically positioned vehicle on the water with…
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) suffer from sensor drifts in GPS denied environments, which can cause safety issues. To avoid intolerable sensor drifts while completing the time-critical coordination task for multi-UAV systems, we propose a safety constrained bi-level control framework. The first level is the time-critical coordination level that achieves a consensus of coordination states and provides a virtual target which is a function of the coordination state. The second level is the safety-critical control level that is designed to follow the virtual target while adapting the attacked UA…
This paper presents the new generation of LabVIEW-based GPS receiver testbed that is based on National Instruments' (NI) LabVIEW (LV) platform in conjunction to C/C++ dynamic link libraries (DLL) used inside the platform for performance execution. This GPS receiver has been optimized for real-time operation and has been developed for fast prototyping and easiness on future additions and implementations to the system. The receiver DLLs are divided into three baseband modules: acquisition, tracking, and navigation. The openness of received baseband modules allows for extensive research topics su…
Booz Allen Hamilton（博思艾伦汉密尔顿公司）；Virginia Tech（弗吉尼亚理工大学）
With the fast advancements of the Autonomous Vehicle (AV) industry, detection of Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) using smartphones is critical for safety applications of Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITSs). This study explores the use of low-power smartphone sensors and the Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) features for this task. These features are computed over a thresholded similarity matrix extracted from nine channels: accelerometer, gyroscope, and rotation vector in each direction (x, y, and z). Given the high-power consumption of GPS, GPS data is excluded. RQA fe…
Stealthy false data injection attacks on cyber-physical systems introduce erroneous measurements onto sensors with the intent to degrade system performance. An intelligent attacker can design stealthy attacks with knowledge of the system model and noise characteristics to evade detection from state-of-the-art fault detectors by remaining within detection thresholds. However, during these hidden attacks, an attacker with the intention of hijacking a system will leave traces of non-random behavior that contradict with the expectation of the system model. Given these premises, in this paper we pr…
