Romain Alléaume, Raphaël Aymeric, Cédric Ware, Yves Jaouën
We give a survey of some of the recent progress made in deploying quantum and classical communications over a shared fiber, focusing in particular on results obtained using continuous-variable QKD.
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Co-propagation of 6 Tb/s (60*100Gb/s) DWDM & QKD channels with ~17 dBm aggregated WDM power over 50 km standard single mode fiber
本文研究了QKD量子信道与高功率DWDM数据信道在50 km标准单模光纤上的共传输，并提出了一种评估共传输效率的新指标。
Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) could allow QKD and classical optical signals physically sharing the same optical fibers in existing networks. However, Raman scattering imposes a limit on the optical power, which in turn impacts the network capacity for classical traffic in presence of CV-QKD. Network-planning simulations indicate that maxing out the CV-QKD capacity in an optical link can adversely impact its classical capacity. Although preliminary, these results show that designing a mixed classical and CV-QKD network will require dedicated planning heuristics and tools…
Opportunistic QKD: Exploiting Idle Capacity of Classical WDM Systems
提出一种机会主义QKD框架，利用经典光纤中的空闲信道进行量子密钥分发，并通过随机流量模型和蒙特卡洛模拟评估性能，发现45-65%的未用频谱可用于QKD，同时定义了可靠性视界以优化缓冲参数。
Co-propagation of QKD & 6 Tb/s (60x100G) DWDM channels with ~17 dBm total WDM power in single and multi-span configurations
该研究通过单跨和多跨实验验证了QKD量子信道与高功率高速DWDM数据信道的共传输能力，提出共传输效率评估指标，并实现加密与共传输的同步验证。
A coherent transmission methodology for a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system based on quantum-heterodyne measurement through a coherent intradyne receiver is experimentally demonstrated in the framework of 5G mobile fronthaul links. Continuous optical carrier synchronization is obtained through training information, which is multiplexing to the quantum signal as pilot tone in both, frequency and polarization. Spectral tailoring by means of optical carrier suppression and single-sideband modulation is adopted to simultaneously mitigate crosstalk into the quantum channe…
Crosstalk-induced excess noise is experimentally characterized for continuous-variable quantum key distribution, spatially multiplexed with WDM PM-16QAM channels in a 19-core fiber. The measured noise-sources are used to estimate the secret key rates for different wavelength channels.
Spectral side channels of wavelength-division multiplexer in quantum key distribution under laser damage
研究高功率激光对DWDM的影响，揭示其可能降低QKD系统安全距离至原值的66.9%
Advantages and limitations of channel multiplexing for discrete-variable quantum key distribution
本文理论研究了基于波分复用（WDM）的离散变量量子密钥分发方案，通过优化晶体和泵浦参数，显著提升密钥生成速率，但需优化光子对源以发挥全部潜力。
Quantum key distribution (QKD) generates symmetric keys between two remote parties, and guarantees the keys not accessible to any third party. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) between QKD and classical optical communications by sharing the existing fibre optics infrastructure is highly desired in order to reduce the cost of QKD applications. However, quantum signals are extremely weak and thus easily affected by the spontaneous Raman scattering effect from intensive classical light. Here, by means of wavelength selecting and spectral and temporal filtering, we realize the multiplexing an…
We propose a novel scheme for continuous variable quantum key distribution(CV-QKD) using the subcarrier multiplexing technique which was employed in microwave photonics. This scheme allows to distribute N channels independent Gaussian modulated CV-QKD in parallel with one laser source and several phase modulators. We analyze the influence of nonlinear signal mixing and the security in the asymptotic limit. Results indicate that by using this multiplexing technique, each channel will be introduced a non-Gaussian extra source noise, resulting slightly short of the maximum transmission distance, …
Multiplexing of Continuous-Variable and Discrete-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Systems over Fibered and Free-Space Channels
该研究首次实验验证了CV-QKD与DV-QKD系统在光纤及620米城市自由空间链路的WDM复用，实现了异构量子通信网络的实用化构建。
We study coexistence of CV-QKD and 7 classical 12.5 Gbit/s on-off keying channels in WDM transmission over the C-band. We demonstrate key generation with a distilled secret key rate between 20 to 50 kbit/s in experiments running continuously over 24 hours.
Classical optical communications may be still the main communications technology for the foreseeable future, so integration of the quantum communication network with existing classical optical communication network is necessary because existing telecommunications infrastructure will be shared. This means multiplexing of quantum key distribution (QKD) and strong classical data signals, delivering quantum signals and classic signals in one fiber. Optical splitters are employed to access each user in a gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON). In a 4-user network the splitter adds at least …
Online Voting using Point to MultiPoint Quantum Key Distribution
本文提出利用时分复用和波分复用的点对多点量子密钥分发技术提升在线投票系统的安全性。
1-Mbps Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution over 200 km Using Independent Dissipative Kerr Solitons
本文提出利用独立 dissipative Kerr soliton 微梳实现双场量子密钥分发，通过多波长源提高安全密钥率，实现200公里光纤1.57 Mbps的高速率量子密钥分发。
We present a scalable star-shaped quantum key distribution (QKD) optical fiber network. We use wavelength-division demultiplexing (WDM) of broadband photon pairs to establish key exchange between multiple pairs of participants simultaneously. Our QKD system is the first entanglement-based network of four participants using BBM92 time-bin coding and the first network achieving timing synchronization solely by clock recovery based on the photon arrival times. We demonstrate simultaneous bipartite key exchange between any possible combination of participants and show that the quantum bit error ra…
Distributed Information-theoretical Secure Protocols for Quantum Key Distribution Networks against Malicious Nodes
针对量子密钥分发网络中恶意节点主动攻击的安全威胁，提出基于分布式系统的信息论安全新范式，含分布式认证与容错共识方法，相较传统方案显著降低认证密钥消耗增长。
The FPGA-based Quantum key distribution (QKD) system is an important trend of QKD systems. It has several advantages, real time, low power consumption and high integration density. Privacy amplification is an essential part in a QKD system to ensure the security of QKD. Existing FPGA-based privacy amplification schemes have an disadvantage, that the throughput and the input size of these schemes (the best scheme 116Mbps@10^6) are much lower than these on other platforms (the best scheme 1Gbps@10^8). This paper designs a new PA scheme for FPGA-based QKD with multilinear modular hash-modular ari…
We demonstrated ultra fast BB84 quantum key distribution (QKD) transmission at 625 MHz clock rate through a 97 km field-installed fiber using practical clock synchronization based on wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM). We succeeded in over-one-hour stable key generation at a high sifted key rate of 2.4 kbps and a low quantum bit error rate (QBER) of 2.9%. The asymptotic secure key rate was estimated to be 0.78-0.82 kbps from the transmission data with the decoy method of average photon numbers 0, 0.15, and 0.4 photons/pulse.
Generalized Kennedy Receivers Enhanced CV-QKD in Turbulent Channels for Endogenous Security of Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network
针对空天地网络内生安全需求，本文提出在湍流信道中采用CD-Kennedy接收机结合EGC方法增强CV-QKD的检测性能，推导了SKR并引入等效透射率法，数值结果表明其BER与SKR均优于零差接收机且更稳健。
A Survey of OAM-Encoded High-Dimensional Quantum Key Distribution: Foundations, Experiments, and Recent Trends
本文综述了基于轨道角动量（OAM）编码的高维量子密钥分发（HD-QKD）的基本原理、代表性实验和系统级限制，并总结了混合编码、模式分选、自适应光学以及TF、CV、MDI和DI框架的最新进展，强调实际可行性。
Phase Stable Integrated Delay Line Asymmetric Mach Zehnder Interferometers Enabled by High Efficiency 3 dB Couplers for Chip Scale QKD
本文提出一种基于Si3N4/SiO2平台的紧凑集成非对称马赫-曾德尔干涉仪，通过优化3 dB定向耦合器实现精确50:50分束，在C波段插入损耗低于0.5 dB，提供500 ps光学延迟，干涉可见度高于0.99，适用于千兆赫速率时间箱QKD系统。
Performance and Stability of Quantum Krylov Diagonalization for the Hubbard Model
研究一维哈伯德模型的量子克里洛夫对角化（QKD），基于低深度约当-维格纳实现，系统研究多因素对其收敛性的影响，给出算法参数选择指南，在IBM量子硬件上演示，证明QKD对研究强关联费米子系统实用且硬件高效。
Blockwise Key Distillation in Satellite-based Quantum Key Distribution
本文针对卫星量子密钥分发中信道噪声随时间异质变化的问题，比较了非分块与分块密钥蒸馏策略，并通过仿真证明分块策略可提升高达5%的密钥率，且仅需修改经典后处理即可部署。
Quantum Key Distribution
量子密钥分发通过量子力学原理实现信息论安全，推动量子安全密码算法的发展。
Hybrid Schemes of NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standard Algorithms and Quantum Key Distribution for Key Exchange and Digital Signature
本研究结合NIST标准化后量子密码算法与量子密钥分发，提出包含密钥交换和数字签名的混合安全方案，通过熵值、分布特性、计算耗时等指标验证了方案的可行性，构建了双层安全模型。
Digital Signal Processing from Classical Coherent Systems to Continuous-Variable QKD: A Review of Cross-Domain Techniques, Applications, and Challenges
本综述系统研究了经典相干光通信的数字信号处理（DSP）技术在连续变量量子密钥分发（CV-QKD）中的应用，采用APISSER方法分析相关文献，总结技术进展、跨域适配算法及挑战，为CV-QKD系统开发提供支持。
Power Network SCADA Quantum Communications: A Comparison of BB84, B92, E91, and SGS04 Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
本文比较了BB84、B92、E91和SGS04量子密钥分发协议在处理大规模电力系统SCADA数据中的性能，以提升电力网络的安全性和实时数据处理能力。
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