The dimensionality of a thermometer is key in the design of quantum thermometry schemes. In general, the phenomenology that is typical of finite-dimensional quantum thermometry does not apply to infinite dimensional ones. We analyse the dynamical and metrological features of non-equilibrium Gaussian Quantum Thermometers: on one hand, we highlight how quantum entanglement can enhance the readiness of composite Gaussian thermometers; on the other hand, we show that non-equilibrium conditions do not guarantee the best sensitivities in temperature estimation, thus suggesting the reassessment of the working principles of quantum thermometry.
The contact temperature of arbitrary quantum states
Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS, Institut Fourier(格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学法国国家科学研究中心傅里叶研究所);Department of Mathematics and Statistics Memorial University of Newfoundland(纪念纽芬兰大学数学与统计系)
Temperature uncertainty of a quantum system in canonical ensemble is inversely determined by its energy fluctuation, which is known as the temperature-energy uncertainty relation. No such uncertainty relation was discovered for a non-equilibrium open quantum system. In this article, we derive a universal temperature uncertainty relation for general non-equilibrium processes. We find that it is the fluctuation of heat, which is defined as the change in bath energy, determines the temperature uncertainty in non-equilibrium case. Specifically, the heat is divided into trajectory heat and backacti…
Low-temperature thermometry can be enhanced by strong coupling
我们考虑的问题,估计的温度$ T $的一个非常冷的平衡样品。温度的估计是从测量上进行的量子探针强烈耦合到it. We模型这种情况下,通过诉诸典型的Caldeira-Leggett哈密顿量,并找到解析的确切的定态的探针的任意耦合强度。通常,由于它们的非微扰相互作用,探针与样品不达到热平衡。我们认为这对低温测温是有利的,正如我们在模型中所示:(i)在低$ T $下的温度测量精度可以通过加强探针-采样耦合来显著提高,(ii)我们的布朗温度计的适当正交的方差可以产生具有几乎最小统计不确定性的温度估计,以及(iii)探针-样品耦合的谱密度可以被设计为进一步改善测温性能。这些观测结果可能会在低温下的实际纳米温度测量中找到应用-这一制度与量子技术特别相关。