钉扎表面纳米气泡的膨胀稳定性：理论与模拟
Stability of Pinned Surface Nanobubbles Against Expansion: Insights from Theory and Simulation
摘要：
虽然近年来对表面纳米气泡的生长和溶解进行了广泛的研究，但它们在压力变化或温度升高下的稳定性还没有得到同样程度的审查。在这里，我们提出了基于经典理论的压力和温度阈值（$p_c$和$T_c$）的理论预测，在这种情况下，在水中的固体表面上的空气纳米气泡发生不稳定的增长。我们发现，受到钉扎的气泡有更低的$p_c$和更高的$T_c$相比，未钉扎和散装气泡的大小相似，这表明钉扎气泡可以承受更大的拉伸应力（负压）和更高的温度。从多体耗散粒子动力学（MDPD）模拟的准二维（准2D）表面纳米气泡的$p_c$和$T_c$的值是一致的，与理论预测，提供了在生长过程中的横向膨胀考虑。这表明，修改后的经典热力学描述是有效的钉扎气泡小到几个纳米。虽然我们的理论结果和以前的实验之间仍然存在一些差异，但在全面了解表面纳米气泡的稳定性之前，还需要进一步的实验数据。
英文摘要：
While growth and dissolution of surface nanobubbles has been widely studied in recent years, their stability under pressure changes or a temperature increase has not received the same level of scrutiny. Here, we present theoretical predictions based on classical theory for pressure and temperature thresholds ($p_c$ and $T_c$) at which unstable growth occurs for the case of air nanobubbles on a solid surface in water. We show that bubbles subjected to pinning have much lower $p_c$ and higher $T_c$ compared to both unpinned and bulk bubbles of similar size, indicating that pinned bubbles can withstand a larger tensile stress (negative pressure) and higher temperatures. The values of $p_c$ and $T_c$ obtained from many-body dissipative particle dynamics (MDPD) simulations of quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) surface nanobubbles are consistent with the theoretical predictions, provided that the lateral expansion during growth is taken into account. This suggests that the modified classical thermodynamic description is valid for pinned bubbles as small as several nanometers. While some discrepancies still exist between our theoretical results and previous experiments, further experimental data is needed before a comprehensive understanding of the stability of surface nanobubbles can be achieved.
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