液态Ga中的集体模和带隙动量态：实验、理论和模拟
Collective modes and gapped momentum states in liquid Ga: experiment, theory and simulation
摘要：
液体中的集体激发对于理解液体的动力学和热力学性质具有重要意义。带隙动量态（GMS）是液体动力学的一个显著特征，被预测在集体激发的横向扇区中运行。在这里，我们结合非弹性中子散射实验，理论和分子动力学模拟研究集体激发和GMS在液体Ga在很宽的温度范围和$k$ -点。我们发现，所有三条调查线同意纵向部门的液体动力学。在横向部门，实验同意理论，建模以及早期的X射线实验在较大的$k$，而理论和建模同意在很宽的温度范围和$k$ -点。我们观察到的$k$ -间隙的出现和发展的横向部门，随着温度的增加和弛豫时间的倒数理论预测。
英文摘要：
Collective excitations in liquids are important for understanding liquid dynamical and thermodynamic properties. Gapped momentum states (GMS) are a notable feature of liquid dynamics predicted to operate in the transverse sector of collective excitations. Here, we combine inelastic neutron scattering experiments, theory and molecular dynamics modelling to study collective excitations and GMS in liquid Ga in a wide range of temperature and $k$-points. We find that all three lines of enquiry agree for the longitudinal sector of liquid dynamics. In the transverse sector, the experiments agree with theory, modelling as well as earlier X-ray experiments at larger $k$, whereas theory and modelling agree in a wide range of temperature and $k$-points. We observe the emergence and development of the $k$-gap in the transverse sector which increases with temperature and inverse of relaxation time as predicted theoretically.
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