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arXiv 2004.11751econ.EM
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部分识别的微观计量经济学

Microeconometrics with Partial Identification

Francesca Molinari

摘要:

本章回顾了关于部分识别的微观计量经济学文献,重点是最近30年的发展。所提出的主题说明,可用的数据与可信的假设相结合,可能会产生很多信息的参数感兴趣的,即使他们没有完全揭示它。特别注意的是专门讨论相关的挑战,并提出了一些解决方案,(1)获得一个易于处理的表征的值的利益是观测等效的参数,给定的可用数据和保持的假设;(2)估计这组值;(3)进行假设检验,并作出置信声明。本章回顾了部分识别分析的进展,既适用于学习(泛函)的概率分布是明确定义的模型的情况下,以及学习参数是明确定义的,只有在特定的模型。一个简单的组织原则是突出的:识别问题的来源往往可以追溯到一个随机变量的集合,与现有的数据和保持假设一致。这个集合可以是观测数据的一部分,也可以是模型的隐含意义。在任何一种情况下,它都可以被形式化为一个随机集。随机集理论,然后作为一个数学框架,统一了一些特殊的结果,并产生一个一般的方法进行部分识别分析。

英文摘要:

This chapter reviews the microeconometrics literature on partial identification, focusing on the developments of the last thirty years. The topics presented illustrate that the available data combined with credible maintained assumptions may yield much information about a parameter of interest, even if they do not reveal it exactly. Special attention is devoted to discussing the challenges associated with, and some of the solutions put forward to, (1) obtain a tractable characterization of the values for the parameters of interest which are observationally equivalent, given the available data and maintained assumptions; (2) estimate this set of values; (3) conduct test of hypotheses and make confidence statements. The chapter reviews advances in partial identification analysis both as applied to learning (functionals of) probability distributions that are well-defined in the absence of models, as well as to learning parameters that are well-defined only in the context of particular models. A simple organizing principle is highlighted: the source of the identification problem can often be traced to a collection of random variables that are consistent with the available data and maintained assumptions. This collection may be part of the observed data or be a model implication. In either case, it can be formalized as a random set. Random set theory is then used as a mathematical framework to unify a number of special results and produce a general methodology to carry out partial identification analysis.

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