In this work, we consider local and nonlocal higher-derivative generalizations of the super-Chern-Simons theory and four-dimensional SQED. In contrast to previous studies, the models studied here also have higher-derivative terms in the matter sector. For these models, we calculate the one-loop superfield effective potential.
We obtain the conserved, nonlocal charges for the supersymmetric two boson hierarchy from fractional powers of its Lax operator. We show that these charges reduce to the ones of the supersymmetric KdV system under appropriate reduction. We study the algebra of the nonlocal, local and supersymmetry charges with respect to the first and the second Hamiltonian structures of the system and discuss how they close as a graded nonlinear cubic algebra.
The \nl \cls for the N=1 supersymmetric KdV equation are shown to be related in a simple way to powers of the fourth root of its Lax operator. This provides a direct link between the supersymmetry invariance and the existence of \nl conservation laws. It is also shown that nonlocal conservation laws exist for the two integrable N=2 supersymmetric KdV equations whose recursion operator is known.
We study quantum electrodynamics on the noncommutative Minkowski space in the Yang-Feldman formalism. Local observables are defined by using covariant coordinates. We compute the two-point function of the interacting field strength to second order and find the infrared divergent terms already known from computations using the so-called modified Feynman rules. It is shown that these lead to nonlocal renormalization ambiguities. Also new nonlocal divergences stemming from the covariant coordinates are found. Furthermore, we study the supersymmetric extension of the model. For this, the supersymm…
We construct examples of single-sector supersymmetry breaking based on simple deformations of supersymmetric QCD with (weakly) gauged flavor group. These theories are calculable in a weakly coupled Seiberg dual description. In these models, some of the particles in the first two generations of quarks and leptons are composites of the same strong dynamics which leads to dynamical supersymmetry breaking. Such models can explain the hierarchies of Yukawa couplings in the Standard Model, in a way that predictively correlates with the spectrum of SUSY-breaking soft terms.
Continuing our previous analysis of a supersymmetric quantum-mechanical matrix model, we study in detail the properties of its sectors with fermion number F=2 and 3. We confirm all previous expectations, modulo the appearance, at strong coupling, of {\it two} new bosonic ground states causing a further jump in Witten's index across a previously identified critical 't Hooft coupling $λ_c$. We are able to elucidate the origin of these new SUSY vacua by considering the $λ\to \infty$ limit and a strong coupling expansion around it.
We construct a class of quadratic gauge invariant actions for extended string fields defined on the tensor product of open superstring state space for multiple open string Neveu-Schwarz (NS) sectors with or without one Ramond (R) sector. The basic idea is the same as for the bosonic extended string field theory developed by the authors [arXiv:1309.3850]. The theory for NS^n sector and NS^{n-1}-R sector contains general n-th rank tensor fields and (n-1)-th rank spinor-tensor fields in the massless spectrum respectively. In principle, consistent gauge invariant actions for any generic type of 10…
A four point function of basic Neveu-Schwarz exponential fields is constructed in the N = 1 supersymmetric Liouville field theory. Although the basic NS structure constants were known previously, we present a new derivation, based on a singular vector decoupling in the NS sector. This allows to stay completely inside the NS sector of the space of states, without referencing to the Ramond fields. The four-point construction involves also the NS blocks, for which we suggest a new recursion representation, the so-called elliptic one. The bootstrap conditions for this four point correlation functi…
We consider the perturbative stability of non-supersymmetric configurations in N=1 supergravity models with a spectator sector not involved in supersymmetry breaking. Motivated by the supergravity description of complex structure moduli in Large Volume Compactifications of type IIB-superstrings, we concentrate on models where the interactions are consistent with the supersymmetric truncation of the spectator fields, and we describe their couplings by a random ensemble of generic supergravity theories. We characterise the mass spectrum of the spectator fields in terms of the statistical paramet…
We consider a supersymmetric matrix model which is related to the non-critical superstring theory. We find new non-singlet terms in the supersymmetric matrix quantum mechanics. The new non-singlet terms give rise to nontrivial interactions. These new non-singlet terms from fermions, can eliminate other non-singlet terms from generators of U(N) subalgebra and from time periodicity. The non-singlet terms from the generators violate the T-duality on the target space which is a circle. Therefore, we can retain the T-duality with a process of the elimination.
Within the superfield approach, we consider the nonlocal generalization of the Wess-Zumino model and calculate the one-loop low-energy contributions to the effective action. Four different nonlocal models are considered, among which only the first model does not reduce to the standard Wess-Zumino model when we take the parameter of nonlocality of the model, $Λ$, much greater than any energy scale; in addition, this model also depends on an extra parameter, $ξ$. As to the other three models, the result looks like the renormalized effective potential for the usual Wess-Zumino model, where the no…
Irreducible second-order Darboux transformations are applied to the periodic Schrodinger's operators. It is shown that for the pairs of factorization energies inside of the same forbidden band they can create new non-singular potentials with periodicity defects and bound states embedded into the spectral gaps. The method is applied to the Lame and periodic piece-wise transparent potentials. An interesting phenomenon of translational Darboux invariance reveals nonlocal aspects of the supersymmetric deformations.
Assuming that there exist at least two fermionic parameters, the classical N= 1 supersymmetric Korteweg-de Vries (SKdV) system can be transformed to some coupled bosonic systems. The boson fields in the bosonized SKdV (BSKdV) systems are defined on even Grassmann algebra. Due to the intrusion of other Grassmann parameters, the BSKdV systems are different from the usual non-supersymmetric integrable systems, and many more abundant solution structures can be unearthed. With the help of the singularity analysis, the Painlevé property of the BSKdV system is proved and a Bäcklund transformation (BT…
Within the context of the weakly coupled E8 x E8 heterotic string, we study the hidden sector of heterotic standard model compactifications to four-dimensions. Specifically, we present a class of hidden sector vector bundles - composed of the direct sum of line bundles only - that, together with an effective bulk five-brane, renders the heterotic standard model entirely N=1 supersymmetric. Two explicit hidden sectors are constructed and analyzed in this context; one with the gauge group E7 x U(1) arising from a single line bundle and a second with an SO(12) x U(1) x U(1) gauge group constructe…
A reliable method to construct Supersymmetric Noether currents is presented. As the most important application the central charge of the N=2 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills effective theory, known as Seiberg-Witten (SW) theory, is computed. The analisys is carried out in the SW low energy U(1) effective Sector, as well as in the SW high energy SU(2) effective Sector.
We show the existence of quasi-supersymmetry as formulated by Nambu in the top-sector of the standard model. We present the explicit form of the quasi-supersymmetric charge. We also deduce,like Nambu, a quasi supersymmetric mass relation which is the same as suggested by Veltman.
We find the minimal energy solution describing a folded closed string located at the center of AdS_5 and rotating simultaneously in two planes in S^5 with two arbitrary SO(6) angular momenta J_1 and J_2. In the case when J_1=J_2=J' we observe the precise agreement between the leading coefficient in the large J' expansion of the energy of this solution and the minimal eigen-value of the 1-loop anomalous dimension matrix of the corresponding [J',0,J'] SYM operators obtained by Beisert, Minahan, Staudacher and Zarembo in hep-th/0306139. We find also perfect agreement between string and SYM result…
A N=4 supersymmetric matrix KP hierarchy is proposed and a wide class of its reductions which are characterized by a finite number of fields are described. This class includes the one-dimensional reduction of the two-dimensional N=(2|2) superconformal Toda lattice hierarchy possessing the N=4 supersymmetry -- the N=4 Toda chain hierarchy -- which may be relevant in the construction of supersymmetric matrix models. The Lax pair representations of the bosonic and fermionic flows, corresponding local and nonlocal Hamiltonians, finite and infinite discrete symmetries, the first two Hamiltonian str…
We study partially supersymmetric plane-wave like deformations of string theories and M-theory on brane backgrounds. These deformations are dual to nonlocal field theories. We calculate various expectation values of configurations of closed as well as open Wilson loops and Wilson surfaces in those theories. We also discuss the manifestation of the nonlocality structure in the supergravity backgrounds. A plane-wave like deformation of little string theory has also been studied.
We argue, based on typical properties of known solutions of string/$M$-theory, that the lightest supersymmetric particle of the visible sector will not be stable. In other words, dark matter is {\em not} a particle with Standard Model quantum numbers, such as a WIMP. The argument is simple and based on the typical occurrence of a) hidden sectors, b) interactions between the Standard Model (visible) sector and these hidden sectors, and c) the lack of an argument against massive neutral hidden sector particles being lighter than the lightest visible supersymmetric particle. These conclusions do …
Using recent results of the author along with Vander Werf, we present the classification and construction of mirror-twisted modules for N=2 supersymmetric vertex operator superalgebras of the form $V \otimes V$ for the signed transposition mirror map automorphism. In particular, we show that the category of such mirror-twisted sectors for $V\otimes V$ is isomorphic to the category of N=1 Ramond sectors for $V$.
Use of supergravity equations in astronomy and late-universe cosmology is often criticized on three grounds: (i) phenomenological success usually depends on the supergravity form for the scalar potential applying at the relevant energies; (ii) the low-energy scalar potential is extremely sensitive to quantum effects involving very massive particles and so is rarely well-approximated by classical calculations of its form; and (iii) almost all Standard Model particles count as massive for these purposes and none of these are supersymmetric. Why should Standard Model loops preserve the low-energy…
A superstring action is quantised with Neveu Schwarz(NS) and Ramond(R) boundary conditions. The zero mass states of the NS sector are classified as the vector gluons, W-mesons, $B_μ$-mesons and scalars containing Higgs. The fifteen zero mass fermions are obtained from the Ramond sector. A space time supersymmetric Hamiltonian of the Standard Model is presented without any conventional SUSY particles.
The possibility of radiative gauge symmetry breaking on D3-branes at non-supersymmetric orbifold singularities is examined. As an example, a simple model of D3-branes at non-supersymmetric C^3/Z_6 singularity with some D7-branes for the cancellations of R-R tadpoles in twisted sectors is analyzed in detail. We find that there are no tachyon modes in twisted sectors, and NS-NS tadpoles in twisted sectors are canceled out, though uncanceled tadpoles and tachyon modes exist in untwisted sectors. This means that this singularity background is a stable solution of string theory at tree level, thoug…
The spectrum of operators in the su(2) sector of N=4 SYM is bounded because the number of operators is finite. According to the AdS/CFT correspondence, the string spectrum in this sector should be also bounded. In this paper the upper bound on the scaling dimension is calculated in the limit of the large R-charge using Bethe ansatz.
Motivated by the smallness of the cosmological constant we investigate whether it is possible to have vanishing one-loop heterotic string partition functions for six-dimensional non-supersymmetric toroidal orbifolds. A straightforward way to realize this presents itself, when each orbifold sector separately preserves some Killing spinors, but none of them survives in all sectors combined. By applying some representation theory to the abstract finite point groups underlying toroidal orbifolds it turns out, that this is never possible. This leads to a nonexistence proof of locally but not global…
A modification of the standard product used in local field theory by means of an associative deformed product is proposed. We present a class of deformed products, one for every spin S=0,1/2,1, that induces a nonlocal theory, displaying different form for different fields. This type of deformed product is naturally supersymmetric and it has an intriguing duality.
"Curvepole (2,0)-theory" is a deformation of the (2,0)-theory with nonlocal interactions. A "curvepole" is defined as a two-dimensional generalization of a dipole. It is an object of fixed two-dimensional shape whose boundary is a charged curve that interacts with a two-form gauge field. Curvepole theory was previously only defined indirectly via M-theory. Here we propose a supersymmetric Lagrangian, constructed explicitly up to quartic terms, for an "abelian" curvepole theory, which is an interacting deformation of the free (2,0) tensor mutliplet. This theory contains fields whose quanta are …
We consider the construction of Lagrangians that might be suitable for describing the entire $p$-adic sector of an adelic open scalar string. These Lagrangians are constructed using the Lagrangian for $p$-adic strings with an arbitrary prime number $p$. They contain space-time nonlocality because of the d'Alembertian in argument of the Riemann zeta function. We present a brief review and some new results.
The Supersymmetric Dual Sigma Model (SDSM) is a local field theory introduced to be nonlocally equivalent to the Supersymmetric Chiral nonlinear sigma-Model (SCM), this dual equivalence being proven by explicit canonical transformation in tangent space. This model is here reconstructed in superspace and identified as a chiral-entwined supersymmetrization of the Dual Sigma Model (DSM). This analysis sheds light on the Boson-Fermion Symphysis of the dual transition, and on the new geometry of the DSM.
We develop an efficient technique to compute anomalies in supersymmetric theories by combining the so-called nonlocal regularization method and superspace techniques. To illustrate the method we apply it to a four dimensional toy model with potentially anomalous N=1 supersymmetry and prove explicitly that in this model all the candidate supersymmetry anomalies have vanishing coefficients at the one-loop level.
A recent paper proposes a way of constructing infinite dimensional symmetries of the non-supersymmetric self-dual Yang-Mills action using isometries of the space-time. We review the Lagrangian formulation of N = 4 super Yang-Mills MHV rules and extend the approach taken for the non-supersymmetric case to construct infinite dimensional symmetries of self-dual N = 4 super Yang-Mills.
We define an operator which for odd-dimensional compact gauge group furnishes unitary equivalence of the bosonic and fermionic sector in the supersymmetric quantum-mechanical matrix model obtained by dimensional reduction from 3-dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.
We study in detail the stability properties of the simplest F-term uplifting mechanism consistent with the integration of heavy moduli. This way of uplifting vacua guarantees that the interaction of the uplifting sector with the moduli sector is consistent with integrating out the heavy fields in a supersymmetric way. The interactions between light and heavy fields are characterized in terms of the Kahler invariant function, G = K + log |W|^2, which is required to be separable in the two sectors. We generalize earlier results that when the heavy fields are stabilized at a minimum of the Kahler…
We study the supersymmetric vacua of the Veneziano-Wosiek model in sectors with fermion number F=2, 4 at finite 't Hooft coupling lambda. We prove that for F=2 there are two zero energy vacua for lambda > lambda_c = 1 and none otherwise. We give the analytical expressions of both vacua. One of them was previously known, the second one is obtained by solving the cohomology of the supersymmetric charges. At F=4 we compute the would-be supersymmetric vacua at high order in the the strong coupling expansion and provide strong support to the conclusion that lambda = 1 is a critical point in this se…
It is known that 2D field theories admit several sectors of mutually local fields so as two fields from different sectors are mutually nonlocal. We show that any one-partical integrable model with ${\bf Z}_2$ symmetry contains three sectors: bosonic, fermionic and `disorder' one. We generalize the form factor axioms to fermionic and `disorder' sectors. For the particular case of the sinh-Gordon model we obtain several form factors in these sectors.
We point out that the moduli sector of the $(2,2)$ string compactification with its nonperturbatively preserved non-compact symmetries is a fertile framework to study global topological defects, thus providing a natural source for the large scale structure formation. Based on the target space modular invariance of the nonperturbative superpotential of the four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric string vacua, topologically stable stringy domain walls are found. They are supersymmetric solutions, thus saturating the Bogomolnyi bound. It is also shown that there are moduli sectors that allow for the …
We show that the supersymmetric nonlinear Schrödinger equation can be written as a constrained super KP flow in a nonstandard representation of the Lax equation. We construct the conserved charges and show that this system reduces to the super mKdV equation with appropriate identifications. We construct various flows generated by the general nonstandard super Lax equation and show that they contain both the KP and mKP flows in the bosonic limits. This nonstandard supersymmetric KP hierarchy allows us to construct a new super KP equation which is nonlocal.
We study effective theories of an axion in spontaneously broken supersymmetric theories. We consider a system where the axion supermultiplet is directly coupled to a supersymmetry breaking sector whereas the standard model sector is communicated with those sectors through loops of messenger fields. The gaugino masses and the axion-gluon coupling necessary for solving the strong CP problem are both obtained by the same effective interaction. We discuss cosmological constraints on this framework.
We present a general method for calculating the leading contributions to h -> gg and h -> gamma gamma in models where the Higgs weakly mixes with a nearly supersymmetric extra sector. Such mixing terms can play an important role in raising the Higgs mass relative to the value expected in the MSSM. Our method applies even when the extra sector is strongly coupled, and moreover does not require a microscopic Lagrangian description. Using constraints from holomorphy we fix the leading parametric form of the contributions to these Higgs processes, including the Higgs mixing angle dependence, up to…
The heterotic--string models in the free fermionic formulation gave rise to some of the most realistic string models to date, which possess N=1 spacetime supersymmetry. Lack of evidence for supersymmetry at the LHC instigated recent interest in non-supersymmetric heterotic-string vacua. We explore what may be learned in this context from the quasi--realistic free fermionic models. We show that constructions with a low number of families give rise to proliferation of a priori tachyon producing sectors, compared to the non--realistic examples, which typically may contain only one such sector. Th…
We investigate the properties of a dark matter sector where supersymmetry is a good symmetry. In this context we find that the stability of the dark matter candidate is possible even when R-parity is broken in the visible sector. In order to illustrate the idea we investigate a simple scenario where the dark matter candidate is the lightest scalar field in the dark sector which annihilates mainly into two sfermions when these channels are available. We study the relic density constraints and the predictions for the dark matter detection experiments.
Using the recently discovered N=1 supersymmetric extension of the conformal fourth-order scalar operator (introduced originally by Fradkin and Tseytlin and also known as the "Paneitz operator" or "Riegert operator"), we derive a new representation for the nonlocal action generating the super-Weyl anomalies.
We study the duality cascade of softly broken supersymmetric theories. We investigate the renormalization group (RG) flow of SUSY breaking terms as well as supersymmetric couplings. It is found that the magnitudes of SUSY breaking terms are suppressed in most regimes of the RG flow through the duality cascade. At one stage of cascading, the gaugino mass of the strongly coupled sector and scalar masses converge to certain values, which are determined by the gauge coupling and the gaugino mass of the weakly coupled sector. At the next stage, the strongly and weakly coupled sectors are interchang…
We present a novel class of theories where supersymmetry is only preserved in a partial (non-isolated) sector. The supersymmetric sector consists of CFT bound-states that can coexist with fundamental states which do not respect supersymmetry. These theories arise from the 4D holographic interpretation of 5D theories in a slice of AdS where supersymmetry is broken on the UV boundary. In particular, we consider the Standard Model where only the Higgs sector (and possibly the top quark) is supersymmetric. The Higgs mass-parameter is then protected by supersymmetry, and consequently the electrowea…
We find an explicit renormalizable supersymmetric $E_6$ model with all the ingredients for being realistic. It consists of the Higgs sector $351'+\overline{351'}+27+\overline{27}$, which breaks $E_6$ directly to the Standard Model gauge group. Three copies of $27$ dimensional representations then describe the matter sector, while an extra $27+\overline{27}$ pair is needed to successfully split the Standard Model Higgs doublet from the heavy Higgs triplet. We perform the analysis of the vacuum structure and the Yukawa sector of this model, as well as compute contributions to proton decay. Also,…
We construct $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric nonlocal theories in four dimension. We discuss higher derivative extensions of chiral and vector superfields, and write down generic forms of Kähler potential and superpotential up to quadratic order. We derive the condition in which an auxiliary field remains non-dynamical, and the dynamical scalars and fermions are free from the ghost degrees of freedom. We also investigate the nonlocal effects on the supersymmetry breaking and find that supertrace (mass) formula is significantly modified even at the tree level.
Ultraviolet physics typically induces a kinetic mixing between gauge singlets which is marginal and hence non-decoupling in the infrared. In singlet extensions of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, e.g. the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model, this furnishes a well motivated and distinctive portal connecting the visible sector to any hidden sector which contains a singlet chiral superfield. In the presence of singlet kinetic mixing, the hidden sector automatically acquires a light mass scale in the range 0.1 - 100 GeV induced by electroweak symmetry breaking. In theories with…
We consider a locally supersymmetric theory where the Planck mass is replaced by a dynamical superfield. This model can be thought of as the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Brans-Dicke theory (MSBD). The motivation that underlies this analysis is the research of possible connections between Dark Energy models based on Brans-Dicke-like theories and supersymmetric Dark Matter scenarios. We find that the phenomenology associated with the MSBD model is very different compared to the one of the original Brans-Dicke theory: the gravitational sector does not couple to the matter sector in a u…
We study the matter one-loop quantum corrections to the gravitational sector in a gravity theory coupled with a nonlocal scalar field. We find that non-renormalizable divergences disappear when the propagator of the scalar field approaches to a non-zero constant at high momentum, while the vacuum energy is still divergent. We also comment on non-local modification of fermion, gauge field and graviton.
We investigate bosonic sectors of supersymmetric field theories. We consider superpotentials described by one and by two real scalar fields, and we show how the equations of motion can be factorized into a family of first order Bogomol'nyi equations, so that all the topological defects are of the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield type. We examine explicit models, that engender the Z_N symmetry, and we identify all the topological sectors, illustrating their integrability.
We propose a novel mechanism of SUSY breaking by coupling a Lorentz-invariant supersymmetric matter sector to non-supersymmetric gravitational interactions with Lifshitz scaling. The improved UV properties of Lifshitz propagators moderate the otherwise uncontrollable ultraviolet divergences induced by gravitational loops. This ensures that both the amount of induced Lorentz violation and SUSY breaking in the matter sector are controlled by Lambda_HL^2/M_P^2, the ratio of the Horava-Lifshitz cross-over scale Lambda_HL to the Planck scale M_P. This ratio can be kept very small, providing a novel…
In this paper, we study the surface energy of the one-dimensional supersymmetric $t-J$ model with unparallel boundary magnetic fields, which is a typical $U(1)$-symmetry broken quantum integrable strongly correlated electron system. It is shown that at the ground state, the contribution of inhomogeneous term in the Bethe ansatz solution of eigenvalues of transfer matrix satisfies the finite size scaling law $L^β$ where $β<0$. Based on it, the physical quantities of the system in the thermodynamic limit are calculated. We obtain the patterns of Bethe roots and the analytical expressions of dens…
We derive the N=1 supersymmetric extension for a class of weakly nonlocal four dimensional gravitational theories.The construction is explicitly done in the superspace and the tree-level perturbative unitarity is explicitly proved both in the superfield formalism and in field components. For the minimal nonlocal supergravity the spectrum is the same as in the local theory and in particular it is ghost-free. The supersymmetric extension of the super-renormalizable Starobinsky theory and of two alternative massive nonlocal supergravities are found as straightforward applications of the formalism…
A superqubit, belonging to a $(2|1)$-dimensional super-Hilbert space, constitutes the minimal supersymmetric extension of the conventional qubit. In order to see whether superqubits are more nonlocal than ordinary qubits, we construct a class of two-superqubit entangled states as a nonlocal resource in the CHSH game. Since super Hilbert space amplitudes are Grassmann numbers, the result depends on how we extract real probabilities and we examine three choices of map: (1) DeWitt (2) Trigonometric (3) Modified Rogers. In cases (1) and (2) the winning probability reaches the Tsirelson bound $p_{w…
We investigate supereigenvalue models in the Ramond sector and their recursive structure. We prove that the free energy truncates at quadratic order in Grassmann coupling constants, and consider super loop equations of the models with the assumption that the 1/N expansion makes sense. Subject to this assumption, we obtain the associated genus-zero algebraic curve with two ramification points (one regular and the other irregular) and also the supersymmetric partner polynomial equation. Starting with these polynomial equations, we present a recursive formalism that computes all the correlation f…