点球大战中的公平性：是否值得使用动态序列？
Fairness in penalty shootouts: Is it worth using dynamic sequences?
摘要：
动态团队锦标赛中的移动顺序可能会扭曲事前获胜概率并损害效率。本文从理论的角度，对决定足球点球顺序的七种规则进行了比较。他们的公平性是在一个合理的模型的先动优势。我们还讨论了到达猝死阶段的概率。在固定得分概率的情况下，动态机制并不比静态规则更好。然而，在猝死阶段，让后动者成为先行者是值得的。我们的工作有可能影响决策者，他们可以通过精心选择的行动序列来保证动态锦标赛的公平结果。
英文摘要：
The sequence of moves in a dynamic team tournament may distort the ex-ante winning probabilities and harm efficiency. This paper compares seven soccer penalty shootout rules that determine the kicking order, from a theoretical perspective. Their fairness is evaluated in a reasonable model of First Mover Advantage. We also discuss the probability of reaching the sudden death stage. In the case of stationary scoring probabilities, dynamic mechanisms are not better than static rules. However, it is worth compensating the second-mover by making it the first-mover in the sudden death stage. Our work has the potential to impact decision-makers who can guarantee fairer outcomes in dynamic tournaments by a carefully chosen sequence of actions.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
