强倾斜多体系统中的泛次扩散
Universal subdiffusion in strongly tilted many-body systems
摘要：
偏离平衡态的量子动力学是相互作用多体系统的基本动力学。在这封信中，我们研究倾斜多体系统的有效哈密顿量从微观描述。我们首先对一大类系统的密度弛豫速率满足$1/τ\propto k^4$给出一般性的论证，包括最近实验中观察到的费米哈伯德模型的情况[1]。这里$k$是密度波的波矢量。主要成分是反射对称性和偶极矩守恒的出现，以领先的非平凡阶的大倾斜强度。为了支持我们的分析，我们构建了一个可解的模型与大的局部希尔伯特空间维数耦合网站描述的Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev模型，其中的密度响应可以显式计算。还讨论了倾斜强度和亚扩散常数的温度依赖性。
英文摘要：
The quantum dynamics away from equilibrium is of fundamental interest for interacting many-body systems. In this letter, we study tilted many-body systems using the effective Hamiltonian derived from the microscopic description. We first give general arguments for the density relaxation rate satisfying $1/τ\propto k^4$ for a large class of systems, including the Fermi Hubbard model case as observed in the the recent experiment [1]. Here $k$ is the wave vector of the density wave. The main ingredients are the emergence of the reflection symmetry and dipole moment conservation to the leading non-trivial order of the large tilted strength. To support our analysis, we then construct a solvable model with large local Hilbert space dimension by coupling sites discribed by the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models, where the density response can be computed explicitly. The the tilt strength and the temperature dependence of the subdiffusion constant are also discussed.
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