探索用于中子俘获级联和富中子同位素生产的laser驱动中子源
Exploring laser-driven neutron sources for neutron capture cascades and the production of neutron-rich isotopes
摘要：
从理论上研究了激光驱动（脉冲）中子源产生丰中子同位素和中子俘获级联的过程。所考虑的方案涉及的激光驱动的中子束与由单一类型的种子核素制成的目标的相互作用。我们提出了一个全面的研究范围内的$3\le Z \le 100$从$^7_3$ Li到$^{255}_{100}$ Fm的$95$种子核素。对于每种元素，考虑了最重的长寿命（半衰期$> 1$ h）同位素，其数据可在最近的ENDF-B-VIII. 0中子子库中获得。我们确定了有趣的种子核素在生产富中子同位素的中子捕获级联可能发生的良好性能。分析了脉冲中子数、中子-靶相互作用大小和脉冲中子数对中子辐照效率的影响。我们的研究结果表明，观察到$4$连续的中子捕获事件，导致富含中子的同位素与$4$更多的中子比原来的种子核素的可能性。这暗示了在实验室中产生富中子同位素和模拟中子捕获核合成的新实验可能性。在$s$ -过程的分支点（$^{126}_{51}$ Sb、$^{176}_{71}$ Lu和$^{187}_{75}$ Re）或$r$ -过程的等待点（Lu、Re、Os、Tm、Ir和Au）区域中选择了几种感兴趣的种子核素，我们期望激光驱动实验能够阐明我们对核合成的理解。
英文摘要：
The production of neutron-rich isotopes and the occurrence of neutron capture cascades via laser-driven (pulsed) neutron sources are investigated theoretically. The considered scenario involves the interaction of a laser-driven neutron beam with a target made of a single type of seed nuclide. We present a comprehensive study over $95$ seed nuclides in the range $3\le Z \le 100$ from $^7_3$Li to $^{255}_{100}$Fm. For each element, the heaviest sufficiently-long-lived (half life $> 1$ h) isotope whose data is available in the recent ENDF-B-VIII.0 neutron sublibrary is considered. We identify interesting seed nuclides with good performance in the production of neutron-rich isotopes where neutron capture cascades may occur. The effects of the neutron number per pulse, the neutron-target interaction size and the number of neutron pulses are also analyzed. Our results show the possibility of observing up to $4$ successive neutron capture events leading to neutron-rich isotopes with $4$ more neutrons than the original seed nuclide. This hints at new experimental possibilities to produce neutron-rich isotopes and simulate neutron capture nucleosynthesis in the laboratory. With several selected interesting seed nuclides in the region of the branching point of the $s$-process ($^{126}_{51}$Sb, $^{176}_{71}$Lu and $^{187}_{75}$Re) or the waiting point of the $r$-process (Lu, Re, Os, Tm, Ir and Au), we expect that laser-driven experiments can shed light on our understanding of nucleosynthesis.
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