arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2004.06501astro-ph.GA
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用原子和分子气体示踪动力学云的形成

Dynamical cloud formation traced by atomic and molecular gas

H. Beuther, Y. Wang, J. D. Soler, H. Linz, J. Henshaw, E. Vazquez-Semadeni, G. Gomez, S. Ragan, Th. Henning, S. C. O. Glover, M. -Y. Lee, R. Guesten

摘要:

背景:原子和分子云的形成是一个动力学过程。然而,这些过程的运动学特征仍然是观测约束差。研究方法:针对典型的红外暗云G28.3的云尺度环境,我们采用了HI和[CI]两条原子谱线的谱线成像观测以及13 CO中1- 0和3- 2跃迁的分子谱线观测。该分析包括调查的不同示踪剂的运动学特性,估计的质量流率,速度结构函数,直方图的定向折射率(HOG)的研究,以及比较模拟。结果:中央IRDC包埋在冷中性介质(CNM)的更弥散的包膜中,HI自吸收(HISA)和分子气体追踪。的谱线数据以及HOG和结构功能分析表明,可能的动力学解耦的HI从其他气体化合物。频谱分析和位置-速度图揭示了两个速度分量,收敛在IRDC的位置。从云边缘到中心,估计的质量流率似乎相当恒定。速度结构函数分析是一致的气体流动的形成的层次结构占主导地位。结论:观察和分析与IRDC G28在两个会聚气流中心形成的图片一致。虽然近似恒定的质量流率与云的自相似的、重力驱动的坍缩一致,但是由例如,旋臂冲击或超新星爆炸尚不能排除。未来的研究应旨在区分这种会聚气流的起源。

英文摘要:

Context: Atomic and molecular cloud formation is a dynamical process. However, kinematic signatures of these processes are still observationally poorly constrained. Methods: Targeting the cloud-scale environment of the prototypical infrared dark cloud G28.3, we employ spectral line imaging observations of the two atomic lines HI and [CI] as well as molecular lines observations in 13CO in the 1--0 and 3--2 transitions. The analysis comprises investigations of the kinematic properties of the different tracers, estimates of the mass flow rates, velocity structure functions, a Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) study as well as comparisons to simulations. Results: The central IRDC is embedded in a more diffuse envelope of cold neutral medium (CNM) traced by HI self-absorption (HISA) and molecular gas. The spectral line data as well as the HOG and structure function analysis indicate a possible kinematic decoupling of the HI from the other gas compounds. Spectral analysis and position-velocity diagrams reveal two velocity components that converge at the position of the IRDC. Estimated mass flow rates appear rather constant from the cloud edge toward the center. The velocity structure function analysis is consistent with gas flows being dominated by the formation of hierarchical structures. Conclusions: The observations and analysis are consistent with a picture where the IRDC G28 is formed at the center of two converging gas flows. While the approximately constant mass flow rates are consistent with a self-similar, gravitationally driven collapse of the cloud, external compression by, e.g., spiral arm shocks or supernovae explosions cannot be excluded yet. Future investigations should aim at differentiating the origin of such converging gas flows.

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