混合相云中暖水凝物的冰成核潜力
On the ice-nucleating potential of warm hydrometeors in mixed-phase clouds
摘要：
云中暖水凝物的存在是否可能在新冰粒的成核中发挥重要作用的问题已经争论了几十年。虽然Fukuta和Lee（1986）和Baker（1991）的早期研究表明它可能无关紧要，但Prabhakaran等人（2019）[arXiv：1906.06129]的最新研究表明并非如此。在这项工作中，我们的目标是量化冰成核的潜力，使用高保真度的流动模拟技术，围绕一个单一的水凝物，并使用有利的考虑因素，以高档的影响，集体的冰粒在云中。虽然我们发现，冰成核可能会增强在附近的一个温暖的水凝物的数量级和受影响的空气体积比以前估计的要大得多，这是非常不可能的，这种影响单独导致在某些类型的云观察到的冰成核的快速增强，主要是由于低的初始体积冰浓度。尽管如此，建议将这种影响到现有的云模型，以调查二阶效应，如冰核预激活或增强后的冰川作用。
英文摘要：
The question whether or not the presence of warm hydrometeors in clouds may play a significant role in the nucleation of new ice particles has been debated for several decades. While the early works of Fukuta and Lee (1986) and Baker (1991) indicated that it might be irrelevant, the more recent study of Prabhakaran et al. (2019) [arXiv:1906.06129] suggested otherwise. In this work, we are aiming to quantify the ice-nucleating potential using high-fidelity flow simulation techniques around a single hydrometeor and use favorable considerations to upscale the effects to a collective of ice particles in clouds. While we find that ice nucleation may be enhanced in the vicinity of a warm hydrometeor by several orders of magnitude and that the affected volume of air is much larger than previously estimated, it is very unlikely that this effect alone causes the rapid enhancement of ice nucleation observed in some types of clouds, mainly due to the low initial volumetric ice concentration. Nonetheless, it is suggested to implement this effect into existing cloud models in order to investigate second-order effects such as ice nucleus preactivation or enhancement after the onset of glaciation.
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