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arXiv 2004.03934q-bio.PEcond-mat.dis-nncond-mat.stat-mechphysics.soc-ph
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采取遏制措施的流行病

Epidemics with containment measures

Ginestra Bianconi, Pavel L. Krapivsky

摘要:

我们提出了一个易于处理的流行病模型,包括遏制措施。在没有遏制措施的情况下,只要传染率为正,流行病就会以指数速度传播,即$λ>0$。通过考虑裸感染性$λ$的时间依赖性调节来模拟遏制措施,从而导致有效感染性,该有效感染性对于每个受感染个体而言随时间衰减,模拟例如疾病的无症状发作、测试政策和隔离的组合效应。我们认为广泛的时间内核有效的传染性,我们调查所考虑的遏制措施的效果。我们发现,并不是所有的内核都能够将流行动态推到流行阈值以下,一些遏制措施只能降低新感染个体的指数增长率。我们还提出了一个流行病模型所造成的越来越多的分离的焦点。

英文摘要:

We propose a tractable epidemic model that includes containment measures. In the absence of containment measures, the epidemics spread exponentially fast whenever the infectivity rate is positive, $λ>0$. The containment measures are modeled by considering a time-dependent modulation of the bare infectivity $λ$ leading to effective infectivity that decays in time for each infected individual, mimicking for instance the combined effect of the asymptomatic onset of the disease, testing policies and quarantine. We consider a wide range of temporal kernels for effective infectivity and we investigate the effect of the considered containment measures. We find that not all kernels are able to push the epidemic dynamics below the epidemic threshold, with some containment measures only able to reduce the rate of the exponential growth of newly infected individuals. We also propose a pandemic model caused by a growing number of separated foci.

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