芯片级红外频率梳的相位分析与全相位控制
Phase analysis and full phase control of chip-scale infrared frequency combs
摘要：
实现量子级联激光器（QCL）频率梳的途径（QCL-combs）无疑吸引了科学界的普遍关注，因为这些设备承诺提供一体化的（即单个微型有源器件）频率梳（FC）合成器，其范围与QCL频谱覆盖范围本身一样宽（从大约4微米到THz范围），具有通过能带结构工程定制其光谱发射的独特可能性。由于这些原因，已经花费了大量的努力来表征四波混频多频器件的发射，旨在抓住它们的功能机制。然而，到目前为止，所有报道的研究都集中在自由运行的QCL梳，回避了将FC变成有用的搜索工具的基本成分。我们首次将锁模多频QCL发射器与完全相位稳定和两个FC自由度的独立控制相结合。同时，我们还介绍了用于测量和同步监测QCL梳状模的傅里叶相位的梳状发射傅里叶变换分析（FACE）技术。定制发射，小型化，电驱动，中红外/太赫兹覆盖，完全稳定和完全控制的QCL梳的演示最终使这项技术能够用于计量级应用，引发了新的科学飞跃，影响了从日常生活到前沿研究的多个领域。
英文摘要：
The road towards the realization of quantum cascade laser (QCL) frequency combs (QCL-combs) has undoubtedly attracted ubiquitous attention from the scientific community, as these devices promise to deliver all-in-one (i.e. a single, miniature, active devices) frequency comb (FC) synthesizers in a range as wide as QCL spectral coverage itself (from about 4 microns to the THz range), with the unique possibility to tailor their spectral emission by band structure engineering. For these reasons, vigorous efforts have been spent to characterize the emission of four-wave-mixing multi-frequency devices, aiming to seize their functioning mechanisms. However, up to now, all the reported studies focused on free-running QCL-combs, eluding the fundamental ingredient that turns a FC into a useful metrological tool. For the first time we have combined mode-locked multi-frequency QCL emitters with full phase stabilization and independent control of the two FC degrees of freedom. At the same time, we have introduced the Fourier transform analysis of comb emission (FACE) technique, used for measuring and simultaneously monitoring the Fourier phases of the QCL-comb modes. The demonstration of tailored-emission, miniaturized, electrically-driven, mid-infrared/THz coverage, fully-stabilized and fully-controlled QCL-combs finally enables this technology for metrological-grade applications triggering a new scientific leap affecting several fields ranging from everyday life to frontier-research.
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