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arXiv 2003.10777astro-ph.SRphysics.space-ph
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与2002年12个X级耀斑有关的快晕CME的低地球有效性

Low geo-effectiveness of fast halo CMEs related to the 12 X-class flares in 2002

B. Schmieder, R. S. Kim, B. Grison, K. Bocchialini, R. Y. Kwon, S. Poedts, P. Démoulin

摘要:

一般认为,极端空间天气事件往往与强烈耀斑和快速晕日冕物质抛射日冕物质抛射有关。在本文中,我们仔细地确定了从太阳到地球的事件链所引起的所有12个X级耀斑发生在2002年。在这个小样本中,我们发现了一个不寻常的高比率(58%)的太阳源与经度大于74度。然而,所有12个X级耀斑都与至少一个CME有关。快晕CME(50%)与L1和弱Dst极小值($> -51\;$ nT)的行星际CME(ICME)有关,而12个X级耀斑中有5个(41%)与太阳质子事件(SPE)有关。我们的结论是:(i)所有12个分析的太阳事件,甚至那些与源自中央盘区域的快速晕日冕物质抛射有关的事件,以及那些ICME和SPEs都不是很有地球效应。这一意外的结果表明,链中的建议事件(快速晕CME,X级耀斑,中央磁盘区,ICME,SPE)是不可靠的代理的地理有效性。(ii)国际货币基金组织的综合和标准化南向分量($B^*_z$)的低值可能解释了这一小样本的低地理有效性。事实上,$B^*_z$与弱Dst和低极光电射流(AE)活动有很好的相关性。因此,我们能够解释的2002年对地球的唯一空间天气影响是基于L1的$B^*_z$。

英文摘要:

It is generally accepted that extreme space weather events tend to be related to strong flares and fast halo coronal mass ejections CMEs. In the present paper, we carefully identify the chain of events from the Sun to the Earth induced by all 12 X-class flares that occurred in 2002. In this small sample, we find an unusual high rate (58\%) of solar sources with a longitude larger than 74 degrees. Yet, all 12 X-class flares are associated with at least one CME. The fast halo CMEs (50\% ) are related to interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs) at L1 and weak Dst minimum values ($> -51\;$nT); while 5 (41\%) of the 12 X-class flares are related to solar proton events (SPE). We conclude that: (i) All twelve analyzed solar events, even those associated with fast halo CMEs originating from the central disk region, and those ICMEs and SPEs were not very geo-effective. This unexpected result demonstrates that the suggested events in the chain (fast halo CME, X-class flares, central disk region, ICME, SPE) are not infallible proxies for geo-effectiveness. (ii) The low value of integrated and normalized southward component of the IMF ($B^*_z$) may explain the low geo-effectiveness for this small sample. In fact, $B^*_z$ is well correlated to the weak Dst and low auroral electrojet (AE) activity. Hence, the only space weather impact at Earth in 2002 we can explain is based on $B^*_z$ at L1.

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