光谱效应对光伏发电的影响：美国的案例研究
Impact of spectral effects on photovoltaic energy production: A case study in the United States
摘要：
由于温度和光谱变化的综合影响，现场光伏组件的时间平均效率通常低于标准测试条件下在实验室中测量的效率，从而影响发电厂项目的可投资性。我们报告的校正因子占光谱效应的范围从-2%至1.3%的硅模块所产生的能量取决于位置和收集器的几何形状。在高辐照度的位置，跟踪器的能量输出优势被低估了0.4%，如果光谱灵敏度的影响被忽略。我们发现最有利于跟踪的位置之间的相关性，和那些最有利于多路口。随着光伏市场发展到数太瓦的规模，这些看似微小的影响预计将在未来几十年内产生相当于数百亿美元的经济影响，远远超过所需研究工作的成本。
英文摘要：
The time averaged efficiency of photovoltaic modules in the field is generally lower than the efficiency measured in the laboratory under standard testing conditions due to the combined effects of temperature and spectral variability, affecting the bankability of power plant projects. We report correction factors to account for spectral effects ranging from -2% to 1.3% of the produced energy for silicon modules depending on location and collector geometry. In high irradiance locations, the energy yield advantage of trackers is underestimated by 0.4% if spectral sensitivity effects are neglected. We find a correlation between the locations most favourable for tracking, and those most favourable for multijunctions. As the photovoltaic market grows to a multi-terawatt size, these seemingly small effects are expected to have an economic impact equivalent to tens of billions of dollars in the next few decades, far out-weighting the cost of the required research effort.
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