The Future of Digital Health with Federated Learning
NVIDIA（英伟达）；Technical University of Munich (TUM)（慕尼黑工业大学）；ETH Zürich（苏黎世联邦理工学院）；University of Pennsylvania (UPenn)（宾夕法尼亚大学）；Owkin；Vanderbilt University Medical Center（范德比尔特大学医学中心）；German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)（德国癌症研究中心）；King’s College London (KCL)（伦敦国王学院）；Intel Corporation（英特尔公司）；Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH)（美国国立卫生研究院临床中心）；OpenMined；University of Oxford（牛津大学）
Data-driven Machine Learning has emerged as a promising approach for building accurate and robust statistical models from medical data, which is collected in huge volumes by modern healthcare systems. Existing medical data is not fully exploited by ML primarily because it sits in data silos and privacy concerns restrict access to this data. However, without access to sufficient data, ML will be prevented from reaching its full potential and, ultimately, from making the transition from research to clinical practice. This paper considers key factors contributing to this issue, explores how Federated Learning (FL) may provide a solution for the future of digital health and highlights the challenges and considerations that need to be addressed.
Electronic health record (EHR) data is collected by individual institutions and often stored across locations in silos. Getting access to these data is difficult and slow due to security, privacy, regulatory, and operational issues. We show, using ICU data from 58 different hospitals, that machine learning models to predict patient mortality can be trained efficiently without moving health data out of their silos using a distributed machine learning strategy. We propose a new method, called Federated-Autonomous Deep Learning (FADL) that trains part of the model using all data sources in a dist…
ConsenSys Health；Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）；UC San Diego（加州大学圣地亚哥分校）；Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学伯曼生物伦理研究所）
We propose a novel architecture for federated learning within healthcare consortia. At the heart of the solution is a unique integration of privacy preserving technologies, built upon native enterprise blockchain components available in the Ethereum ecosystem. We show how the specific characteristics and challenges of healthcare consortia informed our design choices, notably the conception of a new Secure Aggregation protocol assembled with a protected hardware component and an encryption toolkit native to Ethereum. Our architecture also brings in a privacy preserving audit trail that logs eve…
FedMood: Federated Learning on Mobile Health Data for Mood Detection
School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University（北京航空航天大学网络空间科学与技术学院）；Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing（北京大数据与脑计算高精尖创新中心）；University of Illinois at Chicago（伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校）；Fordham University（福特汉姆大学）；Lehigh University（理海大学）
Framework for Co-distillation Driven Federated Learning to Address Class Imbalance in Healthcare
Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay（印度理工学院孟买分校）；Sardar Patel Institute of Technology（萨达尔·帕特尔理工学院）；Indian Institute of Technology, Madras（印度理工学院马德拉斯分校）
The Transition from Centralized Machine Learning to Federated Learning for Mental Health in Education: A Survey of Current Methods and Future Directions
Sharif University of Technology（谢里夫理工大学）；University of California San Diego（加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校）；University at Buffalo–SUNY（纽约州立大学布法罗分校）；North Carolina State University（北卡罗来纳州立大学）
From Challenges and Pitfalls to Recommendations and Opportunities: Implementing Federated Learning in Healthcare
Imperial College London（伦敦帝国学院）；Massachusetts General Hospital（麻省总医院）；Zhejiang University（浙江大学）；Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University（康奈尔大学威尔医学院）；Royal Brompton Hospital（皇家布朗普顿医院）；King’s College London（伦敦国王学院）
Weill Cornell Medicine（威尔康奈尔医学院）；Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai（西奈山伊坎医学院）；U.S. Department of Defense Joint Artificial Intelligence Center（美国国防部联合人工智能中心）；University of Florida（佛罗里达大学）
With the rapid development of computer software and hardware technologies, more and more healthcare data are becoming readily available from clinical institutions, patients, insurance companies and pharmaceutical industries, among others. This access provides an unprecedented opportunity for data science technologies to derive data-driven insights and improve the quality of care delivery. Healthcare data, however, are usually fragmented and private making it difficult to generate robust results across populations. For example, different hospitals own the electronic health records (EHR) of diff…
Federated learning is the process of developing machine learning models over datasets distributed across data centers such as hospitals, clinical research labs, and mobile devices while preventing data leakage. This survey examines previous research and studies on federated learning in the healthcare sector across a range of use cases and applications. Our survey shows what challenges, methods, and applications a practitioner should be aware of in the topic of federated learning. This paper aims to lay out existing research and list the possibilities of federated learning for healthcare indust…
Federated learning opens a number of research opportunities due to its high communication efficiency in distributed training problems within a star network. In this paper, we focus on improving the communication efficiency for fully decentralized federated learning over a graph, where the algorithm performs local updates for several iterations and then enables communications among the nodes. In such a way, the communication rounds of exchanging the common interest of parameters can be saved significantly without loss of optimality of the solutions. Multiple numerical simulations based on large…
Northwestern Polytechnical University（西北工业大学）；Xidian University（西安电子科技大学）；University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学）；Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering（西穆拉都会数字工程中心）
Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) enables distributed intelligent services varying with the dynamic and realtime industrial devices to achieve Industry 4.0 benefits. In this paper, we consider a new architecture of digital twin empowered Industrial IoT where digital twins capture the characteristics of industrial devices to assist federated learning. Noticing that digital twins may bring estimation deviations from the actual value of device state, a trusted based aggregation is proposed in federated learning to alleviate the effects of such deviation. We adaptively adjust the aggregation fre…
Australian Department of Health（澳大利亚卫生部）；University of Technology Sydney（悉尼科技大学）
Privacy protection is an ethical issue with broad concern in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Federated learning is a new machine learning paradigm to learn a shared model across users or organisations without direct access to the data. It has great potential to be the next-general AI model training framework that offers privacy protection and therefore has broad implications for the future of digital health and healthcare informatics. Implementing an open innovation framework in the healthcare industry, namely open health, is to enhance innovation and creative capability of health-related organi…
Rice University（莱斯大学）；University of Houston-Downtown（休斯顿大学市中心分校）；Prudence Medical Technologies Ltd.（审慎医疗技术有限公司）
The Internet of Things (IoT) revolution has shown potential to give rise to many medical applications with access to large volumes of healthcare data collected by IoT devices. However, the increasing demand for healthcare data privacy and security makes each IoT device an isolated island of data. Further, the limited computation and communication capacity of wearable healthcare devices restrict the application of vanilla federated learning. To this end, we propose an advanced federated learning framework to train deep neural networks, where the network is partitioned and allocated to IoT devic…
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications（北京邮电大学）；University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学）；University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学）；Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering（Simula都市数字工程中心）
Emerging technologies such as digital twins and 6th Generation mobile networks (6G) have accelerated the realization of edge intelligence in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). The integration of digital twin and 6G bridges the physical system with digital space and enables robust instant wireless connectivity. With increasing concerns on data privacy, federated learning has been regarded as a promising solution for deploying distributed data processing and learning in wireless networks. However, unreliable communication channels, limited resources, and lack of trust among users, hinder the …
Enhancing Federated Survival Analysis through Peer-Driven Client Reputation in Healthcare
Department of Computer Science, Missouri University of Science and Technology（计算机科学系，密苏里科学与技术大学）；Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville（数学科学系，阿拉巴马大学亨茨维尔分校）
Multimodal Federated Learning in Healthcare: a Review
West Virginia University（西弗吉尼亚大学）；Tribhuvan University（特里布万大学）；University at Albany（奥尔巴尼大学）；University of Pittsburgh（匹兹堡大学）；University of Aberdeen（阿伯丁大学）
IBM Research Cambridge（IBM剑桥研究院）；IBM Watson（IBM沃森）；IBM T.J. Watson Research Center（IBM T.J.沃森研究中心）；Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院）
Leveraging real-world health data for machine learning tasks requires addressing many practical challenges, such as distributed data silos, privacy concerns with creating a centralized database from person-specific sensitive data, resource constraints for transferring and integrating data from multiple sites, and risk of a single point of failure. In this paper, we introduce a federated learning framework that can learn a global model from distributed health data held locally at different sites. The framework offers two levels of privacy protection. First, it does not move or share raw data ac…
Secure Multi-Modal Data Fusion in Federated Digital Health Systems via MCP
School of Information, Computer, and Communication Technology（信息、计算机与通信技术学院）；Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University（泰国朱拉安吞国际技术学院，泰国 Thammasat 大学）
Ontology- and LLM-based Data Harmonization for Federated Learning in Healthcare
Institute of Informatics University of Amsterdam（信息学院阿姆斯特丹大学）；College of Medicine The Ohio State University（医学学院俄亥俄州立大学）；Department of Neuroscience University of California（神经科学系加州大学）；School of Medicine Indiana University（医学院印第安纳大学）
Federated Hierarchical Tensor Networks: a Collaborative Learning Quantum AI-Driven Framework for Healthcare
Purdue University（普渡大学）；Davidson School of Chemical Engineering（戴维森化学工程学院）；Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science（高级计算机科学研究所）；Universities Space Research Association（大学空间研究协会）；NASA Ames Research Center（美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心）
Deakin University（迪肯大学）；Pusan National University（釜山国立大学）；CSIRO（澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织）；University of New South Wales（新南威尔士大学）；The University of Sydney（悉尼大学）；Memorial University（纪念大学）
Recent advances in communication technologies and Internet-of-Medical-Things have transformed smart healthcare enabled by artificial intelligence (AI). Traditionally, AI techniques require centralized data collection and processing that may be infeasible in realistic healthcare scenarios due to the high scalability of modern healthcare networks and growing data privacy concerns. Federated Learning (FL), as an emerging distributed collaborative AI paradigm, is particularly attractive for smart healthcare, by coordinating multiple clients (e.g., hospitals) to perform AI training without sharing …
Qingdao University（青岛大学）；Jilin University（吉林大学）；Kennesaw State University（肯尼索州立大学）；Georgia State University（佐治亚州立大学）
In this work, we propose a collaborative city digital twin based on FL, a novel paradigm that allowing multiple city DT to share the local strategy and status in a timely manner. In particular, an FL central server manages the local updates of multiple collaborators (city DT), provides a global model which is trained in multiple iterations at different city DT systems, until the model gains the correlations between various response plan and infection trend. That means, a collaborative city DT paradigm based on FL techniques can obtain knowledge and patterns from multiple DTs, and eventually es…
Recent Methodological Advances in Federated Learning for Healthcare
University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）；University of Bremen（不来梅大学）；University of Helsinki（赫尔辛基大学）；Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust（剑桥大学医院NHS信托基金会阿登布鲁克医院）
A Federated Learning-based Industrial Health Prognostics for Heterogeneous Edge Devices using Matched Feature Extraction
Singapore University of Technology and Design（新加坡科技设计大学）；Centre for Frontier AI Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)（新加坡科技研究局（A*STAR）前沿人工智能研究中心）；Chongqing University（重庆大学）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）
Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学）；Arizona State University（亚利桑那州立大学）
In-home health monitoring has attracted great attention for the ageing population worldwide. With the abundant user health data accessed by Internet of Things (IoT) devices and recent development in machine learning, smart healthcare has seen many successful stories. However, existing approaches for in-home health monitoring do not pay sufficient attention to user data privacy and thus are far from being ready for large-scale practical deployment. In this paper, we propose FedHome, a novel cloud-edge based federated learning framework for in-home health monitoring, which learns a shared global…
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute（伦斯勒理工学院）；University of Moratuwa（莫拉图瓦大学）
We propose how a developing country like Sri Lanka can benefit from privacy-enabled machine learning techniques such as Federated Learning to detect road conditions using crowd-sourced data collection and proposed the idea of implementing a Digital Twin for the national road system in Sri Lanka. Developing countries such as Sri Lanka are far behind in implementing smart road systems and smart cities compared to the developed countries. The proposed work discussed in this paper matches the UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9: "Build Resilient Infrastructure, Promote Inclusive and Sustainabl…
National College of Business Administration and Economics（国家工商经济学院）；Riphah International University（里法哈国际大学）；Skyline University College（天际线大学学院）；Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia（马来西亚国民大学）；Gachon University（加川大学）；Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava（布拉迪斯拉发斯洛伐克理工大学）；Obuda University（欧布达大学）；TU-Dresden（德累斯顿工业大学）
In recent years, the global Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) industry has evolved at a tremendous speed. Security and privacy are key concerns on the IoMT, owing to the huge scale and deployment of IoMT networks. Machine learning (ML) and blockchain (BC) technologies have significantly enhanced the capabilities and facilities of healthcare 5.0, spawning a new area known as "Smart Healthcare." By identifying concerns early, a smart healthcare system can help avoid long-term damage. This will enhance the quality of life for patients while reducing their stress and healthcare costs. The IoMT ena…
The use of collaborative and decentralized machine learning techniques such as federated learning have the potential to enable the development and deployment of clinical risk predictions models in low-resource settings without requiring sensitive data be shared or stored in a central repository. This process necessitates communication of model weights or updates between collaborating entities, but it is unclear to what extent patient privacy is compromised as a result. To gain insight into this question, we study the efficacy of centralized versus federated learning in both private and non-pri…
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院计算技术研究所）；Microsoft Research Asia（微软亚洲研究院）；Pengcheng Laboratory（鹏城实验室）；Zhejiang University（浙江大学）；Microsoft Research（微软研究院）
There is a growing interest in applying machine learning techniques to healthcare. Recently, federated learning (FL) is gaining popularity since it allows researchers to train powerful models without compromising data privacy and security. However, the performance of existing FL approaches often deteriorates when encountering non-iid situations where there exist distribution gaps among clients, and few previous efforts focus on personalization in healthcare. In this article, we propose FedAP to tackle domain shifts and then obtain personalized models for local clients. FedAP learns the similar…
Federated learning (FL) aided health diagnostic models can incorporate data from a large number of personal edge devices (e.g., mobile phones) while keeping the data local to the originating devices, largely ensuring privacy. However, such a cross-device FL approach for health diagnostics still imposes many challenges due to both local data imbalance (as extreme as local data consists of a single disease class) and global data imbalance (the disease prevalence is generally low in a population). Since the federated server has no access to data distribution information, it is not trivial to solv…
Massachusetts General Hospital（麻省总医院）；Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR（新加坡科技研究局资讯通信研究院）
Federated Learning (FL) wherein multiple institutions collaboratively train a machine learning model without sharing data is becoming popular. Participating institutions might not contribute equally, some contribute more data, some better quality data or some more diverse data. To fairly rank the contribution of different institutions, Shapley value (SV) has emerged as the method of choice. Exact SV computation is impossibly expensive, especially when there are hundreds of contributors. Existing SV computation techniques use approximations. However, in healthcare where the number of contributi…
Communication-Efficient Hybrid Federated Learning for E-health with Horizontal and Vertical Data Partitioning
University of Cincinnati（辛辛那提大学）；University of Wisconsin Milwaukee（威斯康星大学密尔沃基分校）；IBM T. J. Watson Research Center（IBM托马斯·J·沃森研究中心）；University of Nebraska-Lincoln（内布拉斯加大学林肯分校）；Northeastern University（东北大学）
Hamad Bin Khalifa University（哈马德·本·哈利法大学）；Information Technology University (ITU) Punjab（旁遮普信息技术大学（ITU））
Despite significant improvements over the last few years, cloud-based healthcare applications continue to suffer from poor adoption due to their limitations in meeting stringent security, privacy, and quality of service requirements (such as low latency). The edge computing trend, along with techniques for distributed machine learning such as federated learning, have gained popularity as a viable solution in such settings. In this paper, we leverage the capabilities of edge computing in medicine by analyzing and evaluating the potential of intelligent processing of clinical visual data at the …
University of Quebec（魁北克大学）；ETS（高等技术学院）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）
Recent advances in electronic devices and communication infrastructure have revolutionized the traditional healthcare system into a smart healthcare system by using IoMT devices. However, due to the centralized training approach of artificial intelligence (AI), the use of mobile and wearable IoMT devices raises privacy concerns with respect to the information that has been communicated between hospitals and end users. The information conveyed by the IoMT devices is highly confidential and can be exposed to adversaries. In this regard, federated learning (FL), a distributive AI paradigm has ope…
