arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2003.05573cs.CLcs.LG
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从原始输入中学习词所指映射和概念

Learning word-referent mappings and concepts from raw inputs

Center for Data Science(数据科学中心)

Wai Keen Vong, Brenden M. Lake

摘要:

儿童如何从嘈杂、模糊、自然的输入中学习语言与世界之间的对应关系?一个假设是通过跨情境学习:在多个情境中跟踪单词及其可能的指代,可以让学习者消除正确的单词指代映射的歧义(Yu & Smith,2007)。然而,以前的跨情境单词学习模型是在高度简化的表示上操作的,回避了实际学习问题的两个重要方面。首先,如何从原始输入(如图像)中学习单词所指映射?第二,这些学习到的映射如何推广到已知单词的新实例?在本文中,我们提出了一个神经网络模型从头开始训练,通过自我监督,在原始图像和文字作为输入,并表明它可以学习词所指映射完全模糊的场景和话语,通过跨情境学习。此外,该模型推广到新的词的实例,定位在场景中的词的引用,并表现出相互排斥的偏好。

英文摘要:

How do children learn correspondences between the language and the world from noisy, ambiguous, naturalistic input? One hypothesis is via cross-situational learning: tracking words and their possible referents across multiple situations allows learners to disambiguate correct word-referent mappings (Yu & Smith, 2007). However, previous models of cross-situational word learning operate on highly simplified representations, side-stepping two important aspects of the actual learning problem. First, how can word-referent mappings be learned from raw inputs such as images? Second, how can these learned mappings generalize to novel instances of a known word? In this paper, we present a neural network model trained from scratch via self-supervision that takes in raw images and words as inputs, and show that it can learn word-referent mappings from fully ambiguous scenes and utterances through cross-situational learning. In addition, the model generalizes to novel word instances, locates referents of words in a scene, and shows a preference for mutual exclusivity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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