社会对战争、气候灾难、移民潮和制度崩溃等大规模事件的复原力和脆弱性还没有得到很好的理解。一些社会证明更具弹性,而另一些则崩溃了。文献中提出,多样性是生态学、计算机科学和生物学等领域复原力的一个潜在原因,也可能是社会文化背景下的一个潜在因素。使用CulSim(Ulloa 2016),一种文化模拟器,可以基于Axelrod(1997 b)的局部收敛和全球极化模型及其扩展(包括机构)来研究文化复杂性和多样性(Ulloa et al 2016),比较多元社会和单一文化社会对9种不同类型事件的弹性,同时改变事件的大小和分布。结果表明,文化多样性和复原力之间存在着强有力的正相关关系,特别是在外国入侵和定居点以及机构破坏和转换等事件中。
英文摘要:
Resilience and vulnerability of societies to large-scale events such as wars, climate catastrophes, immigration waves, and institutional collapses is not well-understood. Some societies prove more resilient, while others collapse. Diversity has been proposed in the literature as a potential cause of resilience in areas such as ecology, computer science and biology, and could also be a potential factor in sociocultural contexts. Using CulSim (Ulloa 2016), a cultural simulator that enables the study of cultural complexity and diversity based on Axelrod's (1997b) model of local convergence and global polarization and its extension including institutions (Ulloa et al 2016), the resilience of diverse societies and monocultural societies to nine different types of events is compared, while varying event sizes and distributions. Results show a strong positive relation between cultural diversity and resilience, in particular for events such as foreign invasions and settlements, and institutional damage and conversion.
Local Convergence and Global Diversity: The Robustness of Cultural Homophily
最近对文化传播的阿克塞尔罗德模型(Klemm et al 2003)的扩展表明,全球多样性是极其脆弱的,只有少量的文化突变。这似乎破坏了原来的阿克塞尔罗德理论,同质性保护多样性。我们表明,文化多样性是令人惊讶的强大,如果我们增加的倾向,同质性如下。首先,我们提高了相似性的门槛,低于这个门槛就排除了影响。其次,我们允许代理同时受到所有邻居的影响,而不是像原始模型中假设的那样只有一个邻居。计算实验表明,这两种修改强烈增加的多样性对突变的鲁棒性。我们还发现,我们的扩展可能会扭转Axelrod的主要结果之一。虽然阿克塞尔罗德预测,更多的文化维度(功能)减少多样性,我们发现,更多的功能可能会带来更高水平的多样性。
Information and motor constraints shape melodic diversity across cultures
Center for Algorithmic;Robotized Synthesis, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, South Korea;School of Business Administration, Ulsan National Institute of Science;Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan;Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science;Cognitive Science Research Group, School of Electronic Engineering \& Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom;Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;Center for Soft;Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, South Korea;Departments of Physics;Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science