三维和二维量子turbulence的突变
Abrupt transition between three and two-dimensional quantum turbulence
摘要：
我们提出了一个临界的量子系统的平衡外的平均场描述的过渡的数值证据。通过数值求解Gross-Pitaevskii方程，我们发现量子湍流在三维（3D）和二维（2D）行为之间表现出突变。在准二维流动中观察到的过渡立方域（控制的3D扰动的流量的幅度），以及在薄域（控制域的纵横比）在一个配置，模仿系统实现在实验室实验中。在一个制度的系统显示的能量转移向较小的尺度，而在另一个系统显示的能量转移向较大的尺度和相干的自组织的量子化的漩涡。
英文摘要：
We present numerical evidence of a critical-like transition in an out-of-equilibrium mean-field description of a quantum system. By numerically solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation we show that quantum turbulence displays an abrupt change between three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) behavior. The transition is observed both in quasi-2D flows in cubic domains (controlled by the amplitude of a 3D perturbation to the flow), as well as in flows in thin domains (controlled by the domain aspect ratio) in a configuration that mimics systems realized in laboratory experiments. In one regime the system displays a transfer of the energy towards smaller scales, while in the other the system displays a transfer of the energy towards larger scales and a coherent self-organization of the quantized vortices.
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