从超级Suprime-Cam SSP瞬变测量得到的快速发展的瞬变
Rapidly Evolving Transients from the Hyper Suprime-Cam SSP Transient Survey
摘要：
快速演化的瞬变形成了一类新的瞬变，其光变曲线的时间尺度比典型的核心坍缩和热核超新星短。我们使用Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru战略计划瞬态调查的深层数据对快速变化的瞬态进行了系统搜索。通过测量1824个瞬变的光变曲线的时间尺度，我们确定了5个快速演变的瞬变。我们的样品被发现在一个广泛的红移（0.3 $\le$ z $\le$ 1.5）和峰值绝对幅度（$-$ 17 $\ge$ $M_i$ $\ge$ $-$ 20）。光变曲线的性质类似于先前发现的快速演变的瞬态。它们显示出相对蓝色的光谱能量分布，最佳拟合黑体为8，000 - 18，000 K。我们发现，一些瞬态需要电源以外的放射性衰变的$^{56}$镍，因为它们的高峰值亮度和短的时间尺度。所有样本的宿主星系都是恒星形成星系，这表明快速演变的瞬变现象是一个巨大的恒星起源。事件发生率粗略估计为每年$^{-1}$ Gpc $^{-3}$发生4,000次事件，约为1 $\%$的核心坍缩超新星。
英文摘要：
Rapidly evolving transients form a new class of transients which show shorter timescales of the light curves than those of typical core-collapse and thermonuclear supernovae. We performed a systematic search for rapidly evolving transients using the deep data taken with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program Transient Survey. By measuring the timescales of the light curves of 1824 transients, we identified 5 rapidly evolving transients. Our samples are found in a wide range of redshifts (0.3 $\le$ z $\le$ 1.5) and peak absolute magnitudes ($-$17 $\ge$ $M_i$ $\ge$ $-$20). The properties of the light curves are similar to those of the previously discovered rapidly evolving transients. They show a relatively blue spectral energy distribution, with the best-fit blackbody of 8,000 - 18,000 K. We show that some of the transients require power sources other than the radioactive decays of $^{56}$Ni because of their high peak luminosities and short timescales. The host galaxies of all the samples are star-forming galaxies, suggesting a massive star origin for the rapidly evolving transients. The event rate is roughly estimated to be $\sim$4,000 events yr$^{-1}$ Gpc$^{-3}$, which is about 1 $\%$ of core-collapse supernovae.
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