历史温度记录中的超额半年变化
Excess Semiannual Variation in Historic Temperature Records
摘要：
地球的年温度循环与太阳辐射通量的年循环密切相关。在温带地区，驱动和响应周期很好地描述了一个强大的年度正弦分量和非零的半年分量。一项对美国历史气象站记录的新分析以高精度确定了持续的年度和半年变化。历史年气温范围与先前的研究一致。半年度温度周期比基于半年度太阳驱动的预期要强得多。相反，这些周期与两个年度周期的倍增效应一致。我们的方法提供了一个定量的窗口，气候的非线性响应太阳驱动，这是测试气候模式的潜在价值。
英文摘要：
The annual temperature cycle of the earth closely follows the annual cycle of solar flux. At temperate latitudes, both driving and response cycles are well described by a strong annual sinusoidal component and a non-vanishing semiannual component. A new analysis of historical weather station records in the United States determines persistent annual and semiannual variation with high precision. Historical annual temperature ranges are consistent with prior studies. Semiannual temperature cycles were much stronger than expected based on the semiannual solar driving. Instead, these cycles were consistent with multiplicative effects of two annual cycles. Our methods provide a quantitative window into the climate's nonlinear response to solar driving, which is of potential value in testing climate models.
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