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arXiv 2002.10962stat.ME
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DURATIONS随机试验设计:估计目标、分析方法和操作特征

The DURATIONS randomised trial design: estimation targets, analysis methods and operating characteristics

Matteo Quartagno, James R. Carpenter, A. Sarah Walker, Michelle Clements, Mahesh K. B. Parmar

摘要:

背景设计试验以缩短治疗时间在包括结核病和抗生素在内的几个治疗领域非常重要。我们最近提出了一种新的随机试验设计,以克服标准双臂非劣效性试验的一些局限性。这种持续时间设计涉及将患者随机分配到多个持续时间组,并对所谓的持续时间-反应曲线进行建模。本文研究了从估计曲线中推断的不同统计方法的操作特性(1型和2型错误)。方法.我们的第一个估计目标是在特定的风险差裕度内不劣于控制(最大)持续时间的最短持续时间。我们比较了不同的方法来估计这个数量,包括使用模型置信带,三角洲方法和自助法。然后,我们探讨了结果的普遍性,估计目标,重点是绝对事件率,风险比和曲线的梯度。结果我们通过模拟表明,在大多数情况下,对于大多数估计目标,使用自举来估计目标持续时间周围的变异性,对于类似于功率和类型1错误的持续时间设计适当的量,会产生良好的结果。不建议使用模型置信带,而delta方法在某些情况下会导致膨胀的第1类错误,特别是当最佳持续时间非常接近随机持续时间之一时。结论.在DURATIONS设计中使用自助法估计最佳持续时间在广泛的场景中具有良好的操作特性,并且可以被希望设计DURATIONS试验以减少治疗持续时间的研究人员放心使用。围绕几个不同的目标的不确定性,可以估计这种自助方法。

英文摘要:

Background. Designing trials to reduce treatment duration is important in several therapeutic areas, including TB and antibiotics. We recently proposed a new randomised trial design to overcome some of the limitations of standard two-arm non-inferiority trials. This DURATIONS design involves randomising patients to a number of duration arms, and modelling the so-called duration-response curve. This article investigates the operating characteristics (type-1 and type-2 errors) of different statistical methods of drawing inference from the estimated curve. Methods. Our first estimation target is the shortest duration non-inferior to the control (maximum) duration within a specific risk difference margin. We compare different methods of estimating this quantity, including using model confidence bands, the delta method and bootstrap. We then explore the generalisability of results to estimation targets which focus on absolute event rates, risk ratio and gradient of the curve. Results. We show through simulations that, in most scenarios and for most of the estimation targets, using the bootstrap to estimate variability around the target duration leads to good results for DURATIONS design-appropriate quantities analogous to power and type-1 error. Using model confidence bands is not recommended, while the delta method leads to inflated type-1 error in some scenarios, particularly when the optimal duration is very close to one of the randomised durations. Conclusions. Using the bootstrap to estimate the optimal duration in a DURATIONS design has good operating characteristics in a wide range of scenarios, and can be used with confidence by researchers wishing to design a DURATIONS trial to reduce treatment duration. Uncertainty around several different targets can be estimated with this bootstrap approach.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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