Utilizing the similarity between the spinor representation of the Dirac equation and the Maxwell equations that has been recognized since the early days of relativistic quantum mechanics, a quantum lattice (QLA) representation of unitary collision stream operators of Maxwell equations is derived for both homogeneous and inhomogeneous media. A second order accurate 4 spinor scheme is developed and tested successfully for two dimensional (2D) propagation of a Gaussian pulse in a uniform medium while for normal (1D) incidence of an electromagnetic Gaussian pulse onto a dielectric interface requires 8 component spinors. In particular, the well-known phase change, field amplitudes and profile widths are recovered by the QLA asymptotic profiles. The QLA simulations yield the time dependent electromagnetic fields as the pulse enters and straddles the dielectric boundary. QLA involves unitary interleaved noncommuting collision and streaming operators that can be coded onto a quantum computer. The noncommutation being the only reason why one perturbatively recovers the Maxwell equations.
The formula for dielectric function of non-degenerate and maxwellian collisional plasmas is transformed to the form, convenient for research. Graphic comparison of longitudinal dielectric functions of quantum and classical non-degenerate collisional plasmas is made.
Formulas for transversal conductance and dielectric permeability (dielectric function) in quantum Maxwell collisional plasma are deduced. The kinetic equation with collision integral in the form relaxation type is used.
Formulas for the longitudinal dielectric permeability in quantum non-degenerate and maxwellian collisional plasma with the frequency of collisions proportional to the module of the wave vector, in Mermin's approach, are received. Equation of Shrödinger - Boltzmann with integral of collisions relaxation type in Mermin's approach is applied. It is spent numerical and graphic comparison of the real and imaginary parts of dielectric function of non-degenerate and maxwellian collisional quantum plasma with a constant and a variable frequencies of collisions. It is shown, that the longitudinal diele…
Formulas for transverse conductance and dielectric permeability in quantum non-degenerate and Maxwellian collisional plasma with arbitrary variable collision frequency in Mermin's approach are deduced. Frequency of collisions of particles depends arbitrarily on a wave vector. The special case of frequency of collisions proportional to the module of a wave vector is considered. The graphic analysis of the real and imaginary parts of dielectric function is made.
Formulas for transverse conductance in quantum Maxwellian collisional plasma are deduced. The kinetic Von Neumann equation in momentum space with collision integral in the relaxation form is used. It is shown, that at Planck's constant tends to zero the derived formula transfers to the classical one. It is shown also, that when values of dimensionless wave numbers are small, the conductance formula transfers in the known formula for classical Maxwellian plasmas.
A Dyson map explicitly determines the appropriate basis of electromagnetic fields which yields a unitary representation of the Maxwell equations in an inhomogeneous medium. A qubit lattice algorithm (QLA) is then developed perturbatively to solve this representation of Maxwell equations. QLA consists of an interleaved unitary sequence of collision operators (that entangle on lattice-site qubits) and streaming operators (that move this entanglement throughout the lattice). External potential operators are introduced to handle gradients in the refractive indices, and these operators are typicall…
A qubit lattice algorithm (QLA) is developed for Maxwell equations in a two-dimensional Cartesian geometry. In particular, the initial value problem of electromagnetic pulse scattering off a localized 2D dielectric object is considered. A matrix formulation of the Maxwell equations, using the Riemann-Silberstein-Weber vectors, forms a basis for the QLA and a possible unitary representation. The electromagnetic fields are discretized using a 16-qubit representation at each grid point. The discretized QLA equations reproduce Maxwell equations to second order in an appropriate expansion parameter…
Anisotropic Maxwell neural operator for rapid parametric full-wave modelling of ion cyclotron resonance heating
Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications（重庆邮电大学）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Xidian University（西安电子科技大学）；Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所）
A quantum lattice representation (QLA) is devised for the initial value problem of one-dimensional (1D) propagation of an electromagnetic disturbance in a scalar dielectric medium satisfying directly only the two curl equations of Maxwell. It si found that only 4 qubits/node are required. The collision, streaming, and potential operators are determined so as to recover the two curl equations to second order. Both polarizations are considered.
Formulas for the longitudinal dielectric permeability in quantum degenerate collisional plasma with the frequency of collisions proportional to the module of the wave vector, in Mermin's approach, are received. Equation of Shrödinger - Boltzmann with integral of collisions relaxation type in Mermin's approach is applied. It is spent numerical and graphic comparison of the real and imaginary parts of dielectric function of non-degenerate and maxwellian collisional quantum plasma with a constant and a variable frequencies of collisions. It is shown, that the longitudinal dielectric function weak…
Formulas for calculation of transverse dielectric function and transverse electric conductivity in quantum collisional Maxwellian plasma are obtained. The Wigner -- Vlasov -- Boltzmann kinetic equation with collision integral in BGK (Bhatnagar, Gross and Krook) form in coordinate space is used. Various special cases are in\-ves\-ti\-gated. Comparison with Lindhard's formula has been carried out.
A quantum lattice algorithm (QLA) is developed for the solution of Maxwell equations in scalar dielectric media using the Riemann-Silberstein representation. For x-dependent and y-dependent inhomogeneities, the corresponding QLA requries 8 qubits/spatial lattice site. This is because the corresponding Pauli spin matrices have off-diagonal components which permit the collisional entanglement of two qubits. However, z-dependent inhomogeneities require a QLA with 16 qubits/lattice site since the Pauli spin matrix $σ_z$ is diagonal. QLA simulations are performed for the time evolution of an initia…
The effect of the thickness of the dielectric boundary layer that connects a material of refractive index $n_1$ to another of index $n_2$ is considered for the propagation of an electromagnetic pulse. For very thin boundary layer the scattering properties of the pulse mimics that found from the Fresnel jump conditions for a plane wave - except that the transmission to incident amplitudes are augmented by a factor of $\sqrt{n_2/n_1}$. As the boundary layer becomes thicker one finds deviations away from the Fresnel conditions and eventually one approaches WKB propagation. However there is found …
Hybrid resonance is a physical mechanism for the heating of a magnetic plasma. In our context hybrid resonance is a solution of the time harmonic Maxwell's equations with smooth coefficients, where the dielectric tensor is a non diagonal hermitian matrix. The main part of this work is dedicated to the construction and analysis of a mathematical solution of the hybrid resonance with the limit absorption principle. We prove that the limit solution is singular: it is constituted of a Dirac mass at the origin plus a principle value and a smooth square integrable function. The formula obtained for …
An infinite dimensional canonical symplectic structure and structure-preserving geometric algorithms are developed for the photon-matter interactions described by the Schrödinger-Maxwell equations. The algorithms preserve the symplectic structure of the system and the unitary nature of the wavefunctions, and bound the energy error of the simulation for all time-steps. This new numerical capability enables us to carry out first-principle based simulation study of important photon-matter interactions, such as the high harmonic generation and stabilization of ionization, with long-term accuracy a…
