arXiv 2002.044812020-02eess.SP

信道估计：最佳性能和导频序列的统一观点

Channel estimation: unified view of optimal performance and pilot sequences

Luc Le Magoarou, Stéphane Paquelet

备注：: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, In press
DOI：: 10.1109/TSP.2020.3021559

摘要：

信道估计在大多数通信系统中是至关重要的，以便优化数据速率/能量消耗折衷。在现代系统中，可能大量的发射/接收天线和子载波使得该任务变得困难。因此，设计产生良好性能的合理大小的导频序列是至关重要的。传统上，通过将信道视为随机向量并假设其分布的知识来减少导频的数量。在实践中，这需要估计信道协方差矩阵，这可能是计算上昂贵的并且不适于具有高移动性的场景。在本文中，另一种观点被认为是，其中的通道是一个未知的确定性参数的函数。在这种情况下，设计最佳的导频序列的最小可能的大小的问题进行了研究的任何参数信道模型。为此，给出了该一般信道估计问题的Cram{é}r-Rao界（CRB），突出了其对引入的变化空间的关键依赖性。然后，确定导频序列的最小长度和CRB的最小值。在此基础上，给出了一种构造最小长度功率约束导频序列的一般策略。最后，在大规模多输入多输出系统的上下文中示出了理论结果。他们方便地允许检索众所周知的以前的结果，但也表现出最小长度的最佳导频序列的一个新的战略的基础上的非线性物理模型。

英文摘要：

Channel estimation is of paramount importance in most communication systems in order to optimize the data rate/energy consumption tradeoff. In modern systems, the possibly large number of transmit/receive antennas and subcarriers makes this task difficult. Designing pilot sequences of reasonable size yielding good performance is thus critical. Classically, the number of pilots is reduced by viewing the channel as a random vector and assuming knowledge of its distribution. In practice, this requires estimating the channel covariance matrix, which can be computationally costly and not adapted to scenarios with high mobility. In this paper, an alternative view is considered, in which the channel is a function of unknown deterministic parameters. In this setting, the problem of designing optimal pilot sequences of smallest possible size is studied for any parametric channel model. To do so, the Cram{é}r-Rao bound (CRB) for this general channel estimation problem is given, highlighting its key dependency on the introduced variation space. Then, the minimal size of pilot sequences and minimal value of the CRB are determined. Moreover, a general strategy to build optimal minimal length power constrained pilots sequences is given, based on an estimation of the variation space. The theoretical results are finally illustrated in a massive MIMO system context. They conveniently allow to retrieve well known previous results, but also to exhibit minimal length optimal pilot sequences for a new strategy based on a nonlinear physical model.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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